Loading harness
As Cargo ( ) of a vessel referred to all of the on-board cargo handling equipment on deck , which until the 1970s for loading and unloading of conventional general cargo and Sackgutladung in cargo ships usually were.
Usually one or two masts were located in the middle between the foredeck superstructure ( stern ) and the large deckhouse with navigating bridge amidships, and another mast between the large and rear deckhouse. Each mast had small deckhouses in the lower area to accommodate the electrical equipment and, as a roof, heavy welded steel plates to accommodate the loading winches themselves, as well as two movable loading booms in the lower area, which were moved by the winches via ropes and blocks . Each cargo boom served an area from the cargo hatch to the pier or on the sea side to the next ship to enable loading and unloading.
Better equipped ships had up to four trees per mast. Two of them worked together by positioning one above the ship and the other above the pier. The wire used to heat the cargo from each tree was attached to a common crane hook so that the trees did not have to be moved during loading or unloading, the cargo was swung from ship to shore or vice versa by slackening one wire and fetching the other.
The loading gear of a ship therefore included: wires (ropes), blocks, crane hooks, winches (steam or electric), operating switches for the winches, slings (short wires with eyes on both sides ), shackles , etc.
Some ships also had heavy lift trees, for example to lift locomotives (see also: Heavy lift gear ).
If a modern ship today has its own loading and unloading facilities, it is often complete ship cranes or gantry cranes, as is the case with some container ships or demanding timber freighters.
Web links
literature
- K. Schwitalla, U. Scharnow: Lexicon of seafaring . various years, transpress VEB Verlag für Verkehrwesen Berlin, ISBN 3-344-00190-6 . Page 319