Cap San Diego
 General cargo ship and museum ship Cap San Diego on the Elbe near Wedel
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The Cap San Diego is a museum ship with berth at the overseas bridge in the port of Hamburg . The ship, built in 1961, was built as a general cargo ship and was in service with South America until the 1980s .
The motor ship Cap San Diego is the largest operational museum cargo ship in the world. It represented the high point of mechanized cargo shipbuilding in Germany, during which a maximum of most of the occupational profiles developed in cargo shipping could be observed on board.
history
Construction and commissioning
The ship was built by Deutsche Werft AG in Hamburg for the Hamburg Süd shipping company as the last ship in a series of structurally identical general cargo carriers and was launched in 1961 as Cap San Diego . The ships of this Cap-San class , largely designed by Caesar Pinnau , were also dubbed “The white swans of the South Atlantic” because of their elegant shape. Her maiden voyage took the ship via the USA to Australia and back. Then it was used in the South America trip.
As a conventional general cargo ship, the Cap San Diego was equipped with sixteen loading booms , two deck cranes and a heavy lift boom. Five cargo holds , which up to three tween decks feature, originally set up as two cooling holds. The ship also had six heatable cargo tanks for the transport of sweet oils. Two of these tanks could be converted as interchangeable tanks for the transport of general cargo and were called "hatch 6". In 1962, two additional refrigerated holds were built in. This meant that half of all cargo spaces could hold refrigerated goods. From 1963 the ship and its five sister ships were certified as cargo and refrigerated ships . This happened in the ship certificate of the registry court, in the measurement certificate of the Federal Office for Ship Measurement and in the classification and safety certificate of the classification society Germanischer Lloyd .
The deckhouse is equipped for 34 to 40 crew members , including a radio operator , a washer, a purser , a carpenter and a boatswain . Due to the passenger facilities, two cooks, a baker, a chief steward and five stewards were employed. Today all of these professions, with the exception of a cook, can no longer be found on German cargo ships. The separate passenger deck with well-equipped passenger cabins, salon, dining room, bar and outdoor swimming pool with pool bar is no longer common on cargo ships. These facilities were very popular among travelers to South America at the time. Compared to its successors in the South American service, the Cap San Diego was universally equipped with its loading gear and was able to handle cargo in the South American ports with its own resources. The ships of the Cap-San class were, in contrast to their modern successors, less dependent on the respective infrastructure of the ports called.
In the South America liner service
Together with her five sister ships , the Cap San Diego served the Hamburg – South America route. Among other things, it transported machines, chemicals and automobiles, but also live, pregnant cows to South America and coffee, meat, apples, pears, grapes, oranges, textiles, sweet oils and fruit juice concentrate to Hamburg. In addition to frozen meat, a special feature was that chilled meat hanging on hooks from the ceiling could be transported at around −1 ° C. Such a special cargo, which had particularly high freight rates, could only be transported by very few refrigerated vessels. In Buenos Aires , the cargo was often supplemented by cowhides , which were individually spread out and salted in the lower holds. These skins were unloaded by rumen bangers in Hamburg . Due to the large amount of goods loaded and the lengthy loading processes before the introduction of the ISO container, lay times in Buenos Aires were up to fourteen days.
At a time when intercontinental air travel was not yet a matter of course, many passengers took advantage of the opportunity to travel to and from South America with these freighters. The up to twelve passengers on board received almost all the services that otherwise only passenger and combination ships could offer - from air-conditioned cabins to a separate passenger deck with lounge and separate dining room to the outdoor swimming pool with pool bar.
In the following twenty years or so after being launched, the Cap San Diego operated liner services between Europe and the east coast of South America. A round trip lasted about sixty days; During this time she completed a total of 120 tours. In 1981 the ship to the Spanish shipping company Ybarra was sold by them under the Panamanian flag for one year at Hamburg-Süd - Charter was further used in South America service. After that the name was changed to San Diego . In 1986 it was sold to Multitrade Shipping in Monrovia and renamed Sangria in order to then sail under the flag of St. Vincent and the Grenadines with home port Kingstown .
Decommissioning
Most of the liner freighters in this trade area were replaced by container ships from the 1980s . The full container ships of the Monte class built at the Seebeck shipyard in Bremerhaven replaced the general cargo carriers of the first Cap San class in South America service from 1984 . Those were in turn replaced by full container ships of the second Cap-San class . Both classes had a very large refrigerated container capacity and were equipped with facilities for porthole containers. From 2004, subsequent ships of the Monte and later the Rio class received connections for integral containers; when they were put into service, they were considered the ships with the world's largest refrigerated container capacity.
Transformation into a museum ship
Shortly before it was scrapped, the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg acquired the sangria . It reached Cuxhaven in October 1986 in a very poor condition. It was makeshiftly prepared here by many volunteers in a week and called on October 31st in Hamburg. After six weeks, she moved from the temporary berth at Kirchenpauerkai to Neumühlen. She stayed here until she moved to the outside of the Überseebrücke on September 30, 1989. It was moved to its present berth on the inside a year later. Renovation and maintenance work was carried out step by step in order to convert it into a museum ship with rooms for exhibitions and events. In 1987 a general overhaul took place in Dock 15 of the Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft (Ross plant).
From 1989 onwards, former HDW workers who had become unemployed and who were employed by the Ökotech company after the shipyard closed, began extensive construction work. During this time, the ship received its present interior and a. by combining the starboard crew chambers to form an on-board restaurant. With openings and stairs in the holds and fresh oil tanks, the interior of the holds became more accessible to visitors. In addition, social rooms and offices have been set up for employees and volunteers. In order to get the ship going again, extensive machine work was carried out from 1992 onwards, pistons and bushes were pulled, lifeboats repaired and bilge and ballast systems overhauled. After successful repair work, the museum ship was able to actively participate in the celebrations for the 100th birthday of the Kiel Canal in June 1995 , where she was part of the ship parade as the representative of the city of Hamburg.
In 2012, the seventh cylinder of the main engine, which is now over 50 years old, required a new cylinder liner . The permissible wear tolerances for this single chrome-plated bushing were far exceeded, and the 1.8 meter high component with a diameter of almost one meter and weight of two tons was no longer available anywhere in the world. Since the models for making the casting mold also no longer existed, the MAN plants in Rostock and Hamburg manufactured a new one based on the original MAN production drawings . With the help of this model, the molds were made in Japan and three new cylinder liners made of gray cast iron were cast, machined and donated to Cap San Diego . So cylinder 7 received a new liner. The other two sockets serve as a reserve.
Operation as a museum ship
Sponsorship
In 1987 the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg founded the “Hamburg Admiralty Foundation” GmbH , to which it transferred ownership of the ship. This operates the non-profit "Cap San Diego Operating Company" for the maintenance and management of the museum ship . Around twenty employees of the operating company are deployed in the on-board office, on deck, in the engine, at the cash desk and for nightly security. They are supported by around 100 committed volunteers on deck, in the engine, in the radio room and in the shop. This team can be used especially for major cultural events, trips or larger work assignments. The berth is paid for by the city.
museum
The Cap San Diego is now an attractive point of attraction in the Port of Hamburg, which is visited by around 100,000 national and international visitors every year. In addition to the ship itself, the Museum of the Cap San Diego shows various temporary exhibitions and has event rooms that can be rented. The museum ship under since December 1, 2003 monument stands has its berth at the Überseebrücke within sight of the three-masted Rickmer Rickmers and the Hamburg Speicherstadt .
Since 2017, there has been an escape game in the former loading hatch 4 with an area of 250 square meters and four play rooms.
Hotel operations
In addition to being used as a museum ship, the Cap San Diego also offers restaurants and a small hotel. The eight cabins available for overnight stays on board are very popular with tourists.
Guest rides
Up to ten guest trips are carried out annually. They lead to Helgoland , Cuxhaven , Rendsburg and Kiel . Both the entry and exit parades of the port birthday are led by the Cap San Diego . For the 32nd German Evangelical Church Congress 2009 in Bremen , the Cap San Diego drove from Hamburg to the neighboring Hanseatic city, where it served as an event location.
Radio station
The amateur radio association Marinefunker-Runde eV operates an amateur radio station with callsign DLØMFH in the ship's radio room . The radio station operates on weekends and is manned by former naval and merchant naval radio operators. The original marine radio from the 1960s is still completely preserved, consisting of medium wave , border wave , short wave and VHF transmitters and receivers and several car alarm devices. The radio room is also equipped with a modern border and shortwave radio system for the maritime radio service. For amateur radio operations, a standard amateur radio shortwave transceiver was installed, which is not part of the marine radio system, since the ship's shortwave radio systems are only equipped for frequencies of the marine radio service in the 4, 6, 8, 12 and 16 MHz range, and cannot be used in amateur radio operations.
Trivia
The ship was part of the set of a sequence in the movie James Bond 007 - Tomorrow Never Dies .
gallery
Cap San Diego in the port of Hamburg. In the background the Elbphilharmonie
Stern view in Kiel , in the background the Stena ferry
Cap San Diego 2011 in the dock
Cap San Diego steering gear
Bow of Cap San Diego with man as a scale
Top view of the cylinder heads of the slow-running two-stroke engine that serves as the main engine on the Cap San Diego
View of the cylinder station of the main engine with the three exhaust gas turbochargers
full broadside of Cap San Diego (L = 159 m)
_Breitseite_mit_159_m_L_am_Liegeplatz_nahe_St._Pauli-Landungsbr%C3%BCcken_Hamburg_Germany_-_Foto_Wolfgang_Pehlemann_DSC02843.jpg)
literature
- Friedrich Böer : Everything about a ship. A little ship customer. 4th edition Herder, Freiburg i. Br. 1962. (Book for young people that describes a seagoing ship using the example of Cap San Marco)
- Christoph Engel, Knut Gielen: Cap San Diego, A legend is revisited. Murmann-Verlag, Hamburg 2006, ISBN 3-938017-77-5 (contains the complete reprint of the Böer book as an attachment)
- Kurt Flechsenhar: Cap San Diego. A ship and its crew. Koehler, Herford 1994, ISBN 3-7822-0609-6
- Kurt Gerdau: Cap San Diego. From the fast freighter to the museum ship. Koehler, Herford 1987, ISBN 3-7822-0417-4
- Matthias Gretzschel and Michael Zapf: Cap San Diego. Home port Hamburg. Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, 2016, (text-illustrated book), ISBN 978-3-7822-1260-1 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Peter Kleinort: "Cap San Diego" sold twice . In: Daily port report from December 16, 2016, p. 16
- ↑ Hamburg Admiralty Foundation . From capsandiego.de, accessed on October 14, 2016
- ↑ CAP SAN DIEGO Betriebsgesellschaft mbH . From capsandiego.de, accessed on October 14, 2016
- ↑ Annabel Trautwein: Cap of good hope. In: Hinz & Kunzt , September 2016, pp. 26–27.
- ^ Website of Hidden in Hamburg from July 3, 2018
- ^ Matthias Gretzschel: Home port Hamburg. In: Hamburger Abendblatt, September 10, 2016, pp. 20–21.
- ↑ www.elbe-wochenblatt.de ( Memento from April 25, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ www.seefunknetz.de
Coordinates: 53 ° 32 ′ 36 " N , 9 ° 58 ′ 33" E