CODEN

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CODEN is a six-digit, alphanumeric bibliographic code that allows a quick and clear identification of a serial title or a non-serial publication from all subject areas. CODEN is mainly used in scientific-technical or chemical literature for clear citations and in many catalogs for journal research.

history

The CODEN is a letter code invented by Charles Bishop as a memory aid from the first letters of the individual words of a series title and used by him in order to be able to organize the publications from magazines used for his work and to be able to find them more quickly. In the originally four-digit version of CODEN published in 1953, he added the number of the volume and the page number in order to precisely quote an article in a magazine. A variation on this was published by him in 1957.

After Bishop had issued about 4000 CODEN, the four-digit CODEN system was continued from 1961 by L. E. Kuentzel under the direction of the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) and then expanded to five positions. In the early days of the computer, CODEN was intended as a machine-readable identification system for series. In several editions of the "CODEN for Periodical Titles" published by ASTM since 1963, around 128,000 CODEN were listed by the end of 1974.

Although it was recognized as early as 1966 that a five-digit CODEN would not be sufficient to be able to provide all series titles with it in the future, the CODEN was still defined in the standard (ASTM Standard E250) as five-digit until 1972. Only with the standard issued in 1976 (ASTM Standard E250-76) did the CODEN become six-digit.

At the beginning of 1975 the CODEN system was continued under the responsibility of the American Chemical Society .

Today's form

In today's six-digit form of CODEN, the first four digits still consist of the first letters of the individual words of a series title , followed by a fifth letter, which consists of the first six letters (A – F) of the alphabet and indicates the grid field , from which the CODEN was taken. The sixth and last digit of the CODEN is a machine-calculable test point for the preceding digits, which is either numerically (2–9) or alphabetically (A – Z). The CODEN always uses capital letters.

In contrast to this, the first two digits of a CODEN for a non-serial publication (e.g. a conference publication ) are each filled with an Arabic number. The third and fourth positions are in turn filled with a letter. The fifth and sixth digits correspond in their meaning to those of a serial CODEN, with the difference that the fifth digit can include all letters of the alphabet.

The first two digits of a CODEN for patent specifications designate the country in whose language the patent is written and in whose area it is valid. The third and fourth positions are always filled with an X. The last two positions are filled like those of a serial CODEN.

CODENs are automatically assigned by the International CODEN Service, which is part of the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS), for all publications referenced in CAS. At the request of publishers, the International CODEN Service also issues CODEN for publications without reference to chemical topics. For this reason, CODEN can also be found in other databases (such as RTECS , BIOSIS) and for series or journals from specialist areas that are not referenced in CAS itself.

The CODEN issued up to around 1966 can be looked up in the two-volume work “CODEN for periodical titles” by LE Kuentzel. The CODEN issued until 1974 can be researched in the multi-volume work by JG Blumenthal. CODEN issued up to 1998 and their resolution can be determined very well from the "International CODEN Directory" ( ISSN  0364-3670 ), published since 1980 as a microfiche edition.

The CASSI online database (“Chemical Abstracts Service Source Index”) is suitable for determining current CODEN.

The printed edition of CASSI as a series work ( ISSN  0738-6222 , CODEN CASSE2) or as a collective index (0001-0634, CODEN CASSI6) was discontinued on December 31, 2009. Only the CD-ROM edition ( ISSN  1081-1990 , CODEN CACDFE) is still available. In addition to CODEN, ISSN, ISBN, CASSI also records the correct abbreviation title of a publication and the publisher.

Examples

  • Nature has the CODEN »NATUAS«.
  • Technology Review has the CODEN »TEREAU«
  • The monograph “Proceedings of the International Conference on Food Factors, Chemistry and Cancer Prevention” ISBN 4-431-70196-6 is assigned the CODEN “66HYAL”.
  • The conference publication “Recent Advances in Natural Products Research, 3rd International Symposium on Recent Advances in Natural Products Research” is assigned the CODEN “69ACLK”.
  • Patent specifications from Germany (but no German Reich patent specifications) are listed under the CODEN »GWXXBX«.
  • The CODEN »USXXDP« is used for US patents.

See also

Web links

  • Chemical Abstracts Service Source Index for CODEN: CASSI database
  • CASSI homepage
  • Search for CODEN in the journal database . The journal database almost predominantly only records CODEN in the old five-digit version.

literature

  • Charles Bishop: An integrated approach to the documentation problem. In: American Documentation. ISSN  0096-946X , CODEN AMDOA7, Vol. 4, 1953, pp. 54-65.
  • Charles Bishop: Use of the CODEN system by the individual research scientist. In: American Documentation. ISSN  0096-946X , CODEN AMDOA7, Vol. 8, 1957, pp. 221-226.
  • LE Kuentzel: Current status of the CODEN Project. In: Special Libraries. ISSN  0038-6723 , Vol. 57, 1966, pp. 404-406.
  • LE Kuentzel: CODEN for periodical titles, Volume 1; Periodical titles by CODEN, non-periodical titles, deleted CODEN. In: ASTM data series publication. American Society for Testing and Materials ISSN  0066-0531 ; Volume 23 A, 1966.
  • LE Kuentzel: CODEN for periodical titles, Volume 2; Periodical titles by title. In: ASTM data series publication. American Society for Testing and Materials ISSN  0066-0531 ; Volume 23 A, 1966.
  • Donald P. Hammer: A review of the ASTM CODEN for Periodical Titles. In: Library Resources & Technical Services. ISSN  0024-2527 , Vol. 12, 1968, pp. 359-365.
  • Lea Saxl: Some thoughts about CODEN. In: Special Libraries. ISSN  0038-6723 , Vol. 59, 1968, pp. 279-280.
  • Magaret Pflueger: A vote for CODEN. In: Special Libraries. ISSN  0038-6723 , Volume 60, 1969, p. 173.
  • Jennifer G. Blumenthal (Ed.): CODEN for periodical titles, Part 1; Periodical titles arranged CODEN. In: ASTM data series publication. American Society for Testing and Materials ISSN  0066-0531 ; Volume 23 B, 1970.
  • Jennifer G. Blumenthal (Ed.): CODEN for periodical titles, part 2; Periodical titles arranged alphabetically by title. In: ASTM data series publication. American Society for Testing and Materials ISSN  0066-0531 ; Volume 23 B, 1970.
  • Jennifer G. Blumenthal (Ed.): CODEN for periodical titles; Suppl. 1. In: ASTM data series publication. American Society for Testing and Materials ISSN  0066-0531 ; Volume 23 B, 1972.
  • Jennifer G. Blumenthal (Ed.): CODEN for periodical titles; Suppl. 2. In: ASTM data series publication. American Society for Testing and Materials ISSN  0066-0531 ; Volume 23 B, 1974.
  • ASTM Standard E 250-72: Standard recommended practice for use of CODEN for Periodical Title Abbreviations. Philadelphia. ASTM, 1972.
  • ASTM Standard E 250-76: Standard recommended practice for use of CODEN for Periodical Title Abbreviations. Philadelphia. ASTM, 1976.
  • Anon: Chemical Abstract Service assumes ASTM CODEN assignment. In: Journal of Library Automation. ISSN  0022-2240 , Volume 8, 1975, p. 72.
  • Elizabeth H. Groot: Unique identifiers for serials: an annotated, comprehensive bibliography. In: The Serials Librarian. ISSN  0361-526X , CODEN SELID4, Volume 1 (Issue 1), 1976, pp. 51-75.
  • Elizabeth H. Groot: Unique identifiers for serials: 1977 update. In: The Serials Librarian. ISSN  0361-526X , CODEN SELID4, Volume 2 (Issue 3), 1978, pp. 247-255.