Calvarial Hyperostosis Syndrome

The calvarial hyperostosis syndrome (CHS; from Latin calvaria ' skull roof ', ancient Greek ὑπέρ, hyper 'over', Latin os 'bone') is a bone disease in dogs that is characterized by a swelling of the skull bones ( hyperostosis ). It is similar to craniomandibular osteopathy , but shows clear signs of inflammation and does not affect the jawbones. Clinically, the disease resembles infantile cortical hyperostosis in humans. The cause has not yet been clarified, treatment is symptomatic with anti-inflammatory drugs.

Occurrence

The disease is very rare and was first discovered in Bullmastiffs in 1996 . In the following period, the disease was found in other animals of this breed and was considered a breed-specific disease. In 2009 a corresponding clinical picture was diagnosed in a beagle .

The cause of the disease has not yet been clarified. It occurs without exception in young animals in the first year of life.

Clinical picture and pathology and differential diagnoses

The CHS is characterized by extremely painful swellings in the area of ​​the skullcap ( occiput , temporal bone , frontal bone ). Radiographically , the changes appear as an increase in the thickness of the skullcap with loosening of the bone tissue.

Pathohistologically, there is an increased formation of woven bones and areas in which the bone substance is partially dissolved ( osteolysis ) and into which numerous inflammatory cells ( neutrophilic granulocytes , macrophages ) have migrated.

In the differential diagnosis , benign ( osteomas ) or malignant ( osteosarcomas ) bone tumors, craniomandibular osteopathy and osteomyelitis caused by infections must be excluded.

therapy

Since the cause of the disease is unknown, causal therapy is not possible. Anti-inflammatory drugs ( carprofen ) or prednisolone can be administered symptomatically .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Alex Koch and Wolf von Bornhard: Hyperostotic osteopathy of the skull bones (Calvarial Hyperostosis Syndrome, CHS) in a beagle male. In: Kleintierpraxis 54 (2009), pp. 439–443.
2. ↑ P. Muir et al .: Hypertrophic osteodystrophy and calvarial hyperostosis . In: Comp. Educ. Vet. Pract. 18: 143-150 (1996).

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