Campylognathoididae

Campylognathoididae
	Campylognathoides , life reconstruction
Temporal occurrence
	Upper Triassic to Lower Jurassic
	216.5 to 175.6 million years
Locations
	Germany; Austria; Italy; India ?;
Systematics
	Sauropsida
	Diapsida
	Archosauria
	Ornithodira
	Flugsaurier (Pterosauria)
	Campylognathoididae
Scientific name
	Campylognathoididae
	Kuhn , 1967

The Campylognathoididae are a family of long-tailed pterosaurs . Fossils from the Upper Triassic and Upper Jurassic have been found in Germany, Austria and Italy.

definition

The Campylognathoididae clade was originally defined as the last common ancestor of Eudimorphodon ranzii and Campylognathoides liasicus and all of its descendants.

features

The Campylognathoididae were rather small pterosaurs that could reach wingspans of about one meter. With them began the stretching of the skull typical of all later pterosaurs, after the more primitive families Anurognathidae and Dimorphodontidae , which had rather tall skulls. This was mainly achieved by extending the snout into a tool for grasping the prey. At the same time, the previously vertical square leg , a skull bone on which the lower jaw was directed, stretched forward and began to assume a more horizontal position.

Genera

So far, four genera have been described: the Upper Triassic Eudimorphodon from Italy, which had heterodontic dentition, Campylognathoides from the Jurassic Posidonia slate from Württemberg and the species Austriadactylus from Austria and Raeticodactylus from Switzerland with a large bone crest on the snout . The assignment of Austriadactylus to the Campylognathoididae by Unwin was later contradicted and is not generally recognized. In 2010, Brian Andres and others recognized the Campylognathoididae clade as polyphyletic and invalidated it.

literature

David M. Unwin: The Pterosaurs. From deep time. PI Press, New York NY 2006, ISBN 0-13-146308-X .

Individual evidence

↑ DM Unwin: On the phylogeny and evolutionary history of pterosaurs. In: E. Buffetaut & J.-M. Mazin (Ed.): Evolution and Palaeobiology of Pterosaurs. Geological Society of London - Special Publications, Vol. 217, pp. 139–190, 2003. (digitized version )

↑ FM Dalla Vecchia: The First Italian Specimen of Austriadactylus cristatus (Diapsida, Pterosauria) from the Norian (Upper Triassic) of the Carnic Prealps. In: Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia , Vol. 115, No. 3, pp. 291–304, 2009. (digitized version )

^ B. Andres, JM Clark & X. Xing: A new rhamphorhynchid pterosaur from the Upper Jurassic of Xinjiang, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of basal pterosaurs. In: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 163-187, 2010. doi : 10.1080 / 02724630903409220

Web links

Commons : Pterosauria - Collection of images, videos and audio files

[Unwin,_2003-1] DM Unwin: On the phylogeny and evolutionary history of pterosaurs. In: E. Buffetaut & J.-M. Mazin (Ed.): Evolution and Palaeobiology of Pterosaurs. Geological Society of London - Special Publications, Vol. 217, pp. 139–190, 2003. (digitized version )

[Dalla_Vecchia,_2009-2] FM Dalla Vecchia: The First Italian Specimen of Austriadactylus cristatus (Diapsida, Pterosauria) from the Norian (Upper Triassic) of the Carnic Prealps. In: Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia , Vol. 115, No. 3, pp. 291–304, 2009. (digitized version )

[Andres_et_al.,_2010-3] B. Andres, JM Clark & X. Xing: A new rhamphorhynchid pterosaur from the Upper Jurassic of Xinjiang, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of basal pterosaurs. In: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 163-187, 2010. doi : 10.1080 / 02724630903409220