Canale del Granduca
The Canale del Granduca is an underground canal in Siena .
description
The canal drains the area of the Pian del Lago , which is in the municipality of Monteriggioni . It is named after Pietro Leopoldo , the Grand Duke of Tuscany at the time . It has a length of 2173 m (according to other information 2255.80 m), an average height of 2.42 m and an average width of 1.84 m. The longest air shaft is 29.41 m long, the shortest air shaft is 6.46 m. The difference in height between the entrance area and exit area is 3.125 m, the gradient is 1.4%. According to other information, the entrance area is 252 m slm and the exit area is 247 m slm (0.2% gradient).
location
The entrance area is located in the north-western municipality of Siena on the municipal border with Monteriggioni at the southern end of the former lake of Pian del Lago, Lago Verano or Lacus Silva . From here the canal runs southeast and ends not far from the SP 101 road between Lecceto and Montalbuccio . Here the canal flows into the Rigo torrent , a tributary of the Serpenna .
history
The structure was built on the initiative of Francesco Sergardi Bindi from December 1766 to June 1770. The canal was completed under the patronage of the Grand Duke of Tuscany, Pietro Leopoldo, from August 1777 to October 1780.
The drainage canal was created by Francesco Sergardi Bindi to drain the stagnant waters of the 156 hectare and 3 m deep lake of Pian del Lago and thereby reduce malaria in the area. The first plans for the project were made by Leonardo Ximenes in 1760. The work from 1766 onwards employed about 120 workers, most of whom came from Carrara . 24 air shafts were created and around 6300 kg of explosives were required to pave the way through the rocky terrain.
Completion of the canal began in 1777. Grand Duke Pietro Leopoldo hired the engineers Anastasio Anastasi and Pietro Ferroni on August 31st, with Bernadino Fantastici acting as his assistant. These closed 14 of the 24 air shafts and moved the entrance area to the north and the exit area to the south, whereby the canal was lengthened by about 197 m.
photos
- Images of the Canale del Granduca
Access to the canal
The obelisk at the entrance area
The exit area of the canal at Torrente Rigo
literature
- Comune di Siena, Santa Maria della Scala, Associazione La Diana (ed.): A ritrovar la Diana. Protagon Editori, Siena 2001, ISBN 88-8024-074-9 , pp. 78-85.
- Vincenzo Pascucci, Luigi Dallai, Lelya Zhornyak, Giovanni Zanchetta: An eighteenth century tunnel as possible archive for palaeoclimate studies. Il Quaternario Italian Journal of Quaternary Sciences, 23 (2bis), 2010, pp. 299-310 ( online version of the Associazione Italiana per lo Studio del Quaternario (AIQUA), accessed on May 15, 2019, PDF)
- Ermanno Vigni: A pesca in Pian del Lago. Il Canale del Granduca. Il Carroccio, n ° 47, Settembre / Ottobre 1993 ( online version at faculty.washington.edu , accessed on May 15, 2019)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Comune di Siena, Santa Maria della Scala, Associazione La Diana (ed.): A ritrovar la Diana. P. 78
- ↑ a b c Ermanno Vigni: A pesca in Pian del Lago. Il Canale del Granduca.
- ↑ Sign at the sewer entrance and exit
- ↑ a b c Comune di Siena, Santa Maria della Scala, Associazione La Diana (ed.): A ritrovar la Diana. P. 85
- ↑ a b c Vincenzo Pascucci, Luigi Dallai, Lelya Zhornyak, Giovanni Zanchetta: An eighteenth century tunnel as possible archive for palaeoclimate studies.
- ↑ Siena News: L'eremo di San Leonardo: un lago scomparso, una piramide e un grande pittore di Siena. April 16, 2018 (accessed May 14, 2019, Italian)
- ↑ a b Due passi nel mistero: Il lago scomparso. Retrieved May 15, 2019 (Italian)
- ↑ Comune di Siena, Santa Maria della Scala, Associazione La Diana (ed.): A ritrovar la Diana. P. 79
- ↑ Comune di Siena, Santa Maria della Scala, Associazione La Diana (ed.): A ritrovar la Diana. P. 80
- ↑ Comune di Siena, Santa Maria della Scala, Associazione La Diana (ed.): A ritrovar la Diana. P. 82
Coordinates: 43 ° 19 '27 " N , 11 ° 15' 35.8" E