Caramuru
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Diogo Álvares Correia (* around 1475 in Viana do Castelo , Portugal ; † October 5, 1557 in Tatuapara , Bahia , Brazil ), called Caramuru , was a Portuguese colonist who became an important liaison between the Brazilian natives and the Portuguese crown, who took possession of the land in 1500 under the leadership of Pedro Álvares Cabral . Álvares Correia survived a shipwreck and has lived among the Indians ever sincethe Brazilian coastal region. Of the Tupinambá -Indios he was nicknamed Caramuru ( lamprey ) because he showed how such a fish after his shipwreck between the coastal rocks. Caramuru is considered to be the founder of the Bahian city of Cachoeira .
Life
As a shipwrecked French ship, Caramuru reached the area of today's city of Salvador da Bahia between 1509 and 1510 at the height of the Rio Vermelho river . The diary of an unknown author recorded this event:
“On the trip to São Vicente in 1510 Diogo Álvares, who was close to the royal family, was shipwrecked near the Rio Vermelho, in Salvador in Bahia . All fellow travelers were killed by the Tupinambá Indians , but he survived and lived from then on among the Indians who gave him the nickname Caramuru, which means lamprey . "
From the same unsecured source it is reported that he was later named "Son of Thunder" or "Man of Popping Death". Indians gave him these names because they were so frightened by the bang of his rifle that they wanted to kill and eat him after he shot a bird with it. But then Caramuru was so welcomed among the Tupinambá that the chief Taparica gave him one of his daughters, Paraguaçu, as his wife.
For more than four decades, Caramuru maintained contacts with the European seafarers who anchored off the coast of Bahia to load brazil wood and other tropical woods. Due to good trade relations with the French from Normandy , he traveled there between 1526 and 1528, where his wife was baptized in Saint-Malo in the name of Catarina Álvares Paraguaçu in honor of Catherine des Granches , the wife of Jacques Cartier , who was also their godmother . Another Tupinambá Indian, Perrine, was also baptized, whereupon, according to another unsecured source, several Indian women fell into the sea out of envy and resentment as they accompanied Caramuru and Paraguaçu on their departure from France.
Except for the region of Pernambuco , all geographical units (called: Capitanias) of the new colony functioned uneconomically, so that a provisional head, Francisco Pereira Coutinho , had to be installed, who in turn transferred the role of mediator to Caramuru between the colonial rulers and the Indians. Nevertheless, Caramuru could not prevent Pereira Coutinho from being killed by Indians on the island of Itaparica .
Through his life among the Indians, it was easy for Caramuru to act as a mediator between them and the missionaries. Initially, the Indians trusted the missionaries from the Jesuit order . However, when they created villages for the Indians to live in, many died of introduced diseases such as smallpox . So they became suspicious of the new faith and assumed that this God was angry with them.
In 1548 the Portuguese King John III. a decree to form an administration for the country of Brazil and asked Caramuru to create favorable conditions and a good reception for the expedition under the direction of Tomé de Souza . Three of his sons with Catarina (Kaspar, Gabriel and Georg) and a son-in-law (João de Figueredo) were accepted into the armed forces of Thomé de Souza as thanks for the services he rendered to the Portuguese crown.
Caramuru's shipwreck and his life among the Indians were processed in a legend by the author and Jesuit father Simão de Vasconcelos in 1680 . The Franciscan Fr. José de Santa Rita Durão , who wrote an epic poem in ten stanzas about Caramuru's life in 1781, was inspired by this legend .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Eduardo de Almeida Navarro: Método moderno de tupi antigo . 3. Edition. Global, São Paulo 2006, ISBN 85-260-1058-1 , p. 213.
- ^ Caramuru (Diogo Álvares Correia). In: Caestamosnos.org. 2008, accessed January 10, 2013 (Portuguese).
- ↑ Thales de Azevedo: Povoamento da Cidade do Salvado. Publicação da Prefeitura Municipal do Salvador Comemorativa do IV Centenario da Cidade , Salvador 1949, pp. 36, 64f, ISBN 978-85-61458-16-4 .
- ↑ Thales de Azevedo: Povoamento da Cidade do Salvado. Publicação da Prefeitura Municipal do Salvador Comemorativa do IV Centenario da Cidade , Salvador 1949, pp. 59, 64f, ISBN 978-85-61458-16-4 .
- ↑ Online text in the Portuguese Wikisource
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Caramuru |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Álvares Correia, Diogo |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Portuguese colonist in Brazil |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1475 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Viana do Castelo , Portugal |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 5, 1557 |
| Place of death | Tatuapara , Bahia , Brazil |