Catuaba

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Catuaba is a drug made from various plants . Plants used in addition to other Trichilia catigua , arvense Anemopaegma and Erythroxylon TYPES (relatives of the coca bush ).

History and description

Erythroxylum catuaba was first described by A. José da Silva in 1904 (Da Silva, Arthur José 1904, 2004, 2005) in order to taxonomically classify a drug collected in Bahia (Brazil) as Catuaba . However, apart from the description of the species, there is no comparison material in herbaria with which one could compare the plant species described by AJ da Silva as Erythroxylon catuaba today . The legitimate status as a recognized species of Erythroxylum catuaba is uncertain. Raymond Hamet (1936) took up the description of Erythroxylum catuaba again and found that the description and illustration of the plant species by A. José da Silva does not match other species of the plant genus Erythroxylum . Hamet already said that the description of Erythroxylum catuaba might be a Trichila species. The drug Catuaba was also known by others as Tetragastris catuaba NS da Cunha (1939) (Burseraceae family) (Daly, 1990), and by Anemopaegma arvense (Vell.) Stellf. (Family Bignoniaceae) described (Rodolpho Albino Dias da Silva, 1926, 1934). Also Erythroxylum vaccinifolium Martius (1840) is named as the way is prepared from the Catuaba.

In 1966, Adolpho Ducke determined that Catuaba must be a Trichilia species (family Meliaceae). Luís Carlos Marques , Professor of Pharmacognosy at the Universidade Estadual de Maringá (Paraná), checked this information again and found that Trichilia catigua Adr. Juss. is the type from which the drug Catuaba is made (Mello 1996, Marques 1998).

According to Rodolpho Albino Dias da Silva (1926, 1934), the subterranean root part of Anemopaegma arvense (Vell.) Stellf. (synonym Anemopaegma mirandum (Cham.) Mart. ex DC) used as Catuaba. Other authors state that the bark of Trichilia catigua and also of Erythroxylum vaccinifolium is used for this. In Germany the drug is known as Catuaba bark.

A recent study by Kletter et al. (2004) throws a closer light on Catuaba. After detailed microscopic examinations, drugs called Catuaba are often listed as Anemopaegma mirandum or Trichilia catigua , but even those with Anemopaegma sp. designated drugs contain (at least in part) a proportion of a bark which corresponds to the bark of a tested comparison sample of Trichilia catigua . So Trichilia catigua is the type from which the drug Catuaba is predominantly made.

Kletter et al. (2004) also received a drug from Brazil called Catuaba, which contained tropane alkaloids and turned out to be the bark of Erythroxylum vacciniifolium . Further chemical-analytical investigations on extracts from Trichilia catigua, however, showed no alkaloids. Therefore, on this basis, a distinction could be made as to whether a drug offered as Catuaba mainly contains Trichilia or Erythroxylum . Many of the commercially available specimens from Catuaba are apparently a mixture of the bark of Trichilia catigua and Erythroxylum species, since tropane alkaloids could be detected in some of the specimens sold as Catuaba, which, however, also contained Trichila after microscopic examination .

ingredients

Graf and Lude (1977, 1978) published the first chemical studies on Erythroxylum vacciniifolium and isolated the tropane alkaloids catuabine A, B and C from them. Glasl et al. (2003, 2004) also isolated Catuabine D from it. Zanolari et at. (2003, 2005) have isolated further tropane alkaloids.

  • Catuabine A

  • Catuabine B

  • Catuabine C

  • Catuabine D

In contrast to Erythroxylum coca , most other Erythroxylum species do not contain cocaine , but contain other tropane alkaloids. Evans (1981) already examined some Erythroxylum species with regard to their phytochemistry.

  • Cinchonain Ib

Studies on the ingredients of Trichilia catigua are from Garcez et al. (1997) and Pizzalotti et al. (2002). Accordingly, some sesquiterpenes and flavolignans were characterized. The already known flavolignan Cinchonain Ib, originally isolated from Cinchona species, was also isolated from Trichilia catigua (Satoh, 2000). This link can also be used to identify and standardize the drug Catuaba (Beltrame, 2006; Rolim, 2006). Studies of the essential oil of this type have already been carried out by Castellani et al. (2003) published.

The crushed Catuaba bark is used by the native Brazilian population as an aphrodisiac and to make invigorating and fortifying teas.

Scientifically, an aphrodisiac effect or even one as "herbal Viagra" could not be proven. The aqueous plant extract of Catuaba preparations has an invigorating effect on people. In this context, Campos et al. (2005) demonstrated an anti-depressive effect of an extract from Trichilia catigua in a study .

Legal position

In the EU, Catuaba is subject to the novel food regulation. When classifying a substance as a novel food / novel food ingredient (NF) within the meaning of the Novel Food Regulation or as not novel in food supplements (Not NFS), the novel food catalog of the European Commission was taken into account.

The components and the assessment (according to the list of substances of the federal government and the federal states, category "Plants and plant parts") are: Erythroxylum catuaba AJ SILVA ex RAYM.-HAMET is considered NF, the components Trichilia catigua A. JUSS and Anemopaegmamirandum MART. as emergency NFS / List C (List C: substances that cannot yet be conclusively assessed due to insufficient data).

literature

  • Beltrame, FL; Filho, ER; Barros, FAP; Cortez, DAG; Casset, QB (2006): A validated higher-performance liquid chromatography method for quantification of cinchonain Ib in bark and phytopharmaceuticals of Trichilia catigua used as Catuaba. Journal of Chromatography Vol. 119A (1-2): pp. 257-263. ( ISSN  0021-9673 , CODEN JCRAEY).
  • Campos MM et al. (2005): Antidepressant-like effects of Trichilia catigua (Catuaba) extract: evidence for dopaminergic-mediated mechanisms. Psychopharmacology Vol. 182, pp. 45-53. ( ISSN  0033-3158 , CODEN PSYPAG).
  • Castellani, DC (2003): Produção de óleo essencial em Catuaba (Trichilia catigua) e Negramina (Siparuna guianensis) em função da época de colheita. In: Anais do II Simpósio Brasileiro de Óleos Essenciais - Diagnóstico e Perspectivas , 2003, Campinas. Documento IAC 74 . Campinas: IAC, 2003. ( ISSN  0102-4477 ).
  • Daly, DC (1990): The genus Tetragastris and the forests of eastern Brazil. Studies in neotropical Burseraceae - III. Kew Bulletin Vol. 45: pp. 179-194. ( ISSN  0075-5974 , CODEN KEWBAF).
  • Da Silva, Arthur José (1904): Estudo botânico e chímico da catuaba (Erythroxylaceae catuaba do Norte). These de doutoramento da Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia . [reprinted in Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy as cited below as Da Silva, Arthur José (2004, 2005)].
  • Da Silva, Arthur José (2004): Estudo botânico e chímico da catuaba (Erythroxylaceae catuaba do Norte), Part I: Histórico, habitat, synonimia e botanica da catuaba. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia ( Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy ) Vol. 14 (1): 67-77. ( ISSN  0102-695X , CODEN RBFAEL).
  • Da Silva, Arthur José (2004): Estudo botânico e chímico da catuaba (Erythroxylaceae catuaba do Norte), Part II. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia ( Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy ) Vol. 14 (2): 145-151. ( ISSN  0102-695X , CODEN RBFAEL).
  • Da Silva, Arthur José (2005): Estudo botânico e chímico da catuaba (Erythroxylaceae catuaba do Norte), Part III: Estudo chimico da catuaba. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia ( Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy ) Vol. 15 (1): 77-81. ( ISSN  0102-695X , CODEN RBFAEL).
  • Da Silva, Rodolpho Albino Dias (1926): Catuaba (Anemopaegma mirandum (Chamisso) Alph. De Candolle). Pharmacopeia dos Estados Unidos do Brasil ; Companhia Editora Nacional, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
  • Da Silva, Rodolpho Albino Dias (1934): Catuaba. Revista de Flora Medicinal Vol. 1 (5): pp. 211-224. ( ISSN  0370-484X , CODEN RFLMA9).
  • Ducke, Adolpho (1966): A catuaba na botanica sistemática, científica e pseudo-científica. Revista Brasileira de Farmácia Vol. 47 (5): pp. 267-272 ( ISSN  0370-372X , CODEN RBFAAH).
  • Evans, WC (1981): The comparative phytochemistry of the genus Erythroxylon. Journal of Ethnopharmacology Vol. 3 (2-3): pp. 265-277 ( ISSN  0378-8741 , CODEN JOETD7).
  • Garcez, WS; Garcez, FR; Ramos, L .; Camargo, MJ; Damasceno Jr., GA (1997): Sesquiterpenes from Trichilia catigua. Fitoterapia 68: pp. 87-88. ( ISSN  0367-326X , CODEN FTRPAE).
  • Glasl, S .; Presser, A .; Werner, I .; Haslinger, E .; Jurenitsch, J. (2003): Tropane alkaloids from a Brazilian bark traded as "Catuaba". Scientia Pharmaceutica Vol. 71: pp. 113-119. ( ISSN  0036-8709 , CODEN SCPHA4).
  • Glasl, S .; Presser, A .; Werner, I .; Haslinger, E .; Jurenitsch, J. (2004): Erratum to Tropane alkaloids from a Brazilian bark traded as "Catuaba". Scientia Pharmaceutica 72: p. 97. ( ISSN  0036-8709 , CODEN SCPHA4).
  • Graf, E .; Lude, W. (1977): Alkaloids from Erythroxylum vacciniifolium Martius, 1. Mitt. Isolation of Catuabin A, B and C. Archiv der Pharmazie (Weinheim) Vol. 310 (12): pp. 1005-1010. ( ISSN  0365-6233 , CODEN ARPMAS).
  • Graf, E .; Lude, W. (1978): Alkaloids from Erythroxylum vacciniifolium Martius, 2nd communication. Structure clarification by Catuabin A, B and C. Archive of Pharmacy (Weinheim) Vol. 311 (2): pp. 139–152. ( ISSN  0365-6233 , CODEN ARPMAS).
  • Hamet, R. (1936): Sur l'origine botanique des drogues designees au Brasil sous le nom de Catuaba. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences Vol. 203: pp. 1178-1179. ( ISSN  0001-4036 , CODEN COREAF).
  • Hamet, R. (1937): Sob re alguns effeitos physiologicos da droga brasileira conhecida pelo nome de folhas de Catuaba. Comptes Rendus des Séances de la Société de Biologie et de Ses Filiales Vol. 124: pp. 904-907. ( ISSN  0037-9026 , CODEN CRSBAW).
  • Kletter, C .; Glasl, S .; Presser, A .; Werner, I .; Reznicek, G .; Narantuya, S .; Cellek, S .; Haslinger, E .; Jurenitsch, J. (2004): Morphological, chemical and functional analysis of catuaba preparations. Planta Medica Vol. 70 (10): pp. 993-1000. ( ISSN  0032-0943 , CODEN PLMEAA).
  • Lagos, Jesse B .; Miguel, Obdulio Gomes; Duarte, Márcia do Rocio (2007): Caracteres anatômicos de catuaba (Trichilia catigua A. Juss., Meliaceae). In: Acta Farmaceutica Bonaerense , Vol. 26, pp. 185-190. ( ISSN  0326-2383 , CODEN AFBODJ). [1] .
  • Marques, LC (1998) Contribuição ao esclarecimento da identidade botânica da droga vegetal Catuaba. Revista Racine (São Paulo) , Vol. 8 (43): pp. 8-11 ( ISSN  1807-166X ).
  • Martius, Karl Friedrich Philipp (1840): Contributions to Erythroxylon. Treatises of the Mathematical-Physical Class of the Royal Bavarian Academy of Sciences , Munich, Vol. 3 (2): p. 107, 387 (part 9). ( ISSN  0176-7038 , ISSN  0176-7100 ).
  • Mello, JCP; Marques, LC; Slides, RF; Rebecca, MA; Peres, PGP (1996): Contribuição ao esclarecimento da identidade botânica da droga vegetal Catuaba. In: XIV Simpósio de Plantas Medicinais do Brasil . XIV Simpósio de Plantas Medicinais do Brasil, 17-20 Setembro 1996, Florianópolis: Editora da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, pp. 52-52.
  • Pizzolatti MG; Venson, AF; Smania Jr., A .; Smania, EFA; Braz-Filho, R .: Two epimeric flavalignans from Trichilia catigua (Meliaceae) with antimicrobial activity. In: Journal of Nature Research C . 57, 2002, pp. 483-488 ( PDF , free full text).
  • Satoh, M. (2000): Cytotoxic constituents from Erythroxylum catuaba. Isolation and cytotoxic activities of cinchonain . In: Natural Medicines Vol. 54 (2): pp. 97-100. ( ISSN  1340-3443 , CODEN NMEDEO).
  • Rolim, A .; et al. (2006): Total flavonoids quantification from O / W emulsion with extract of Brazilian plants . In: International Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol. 308 (1-2): pp. 107-114. ( ISSN  0378-5173 , CODEN IJPHDE).
  • Zanolari, B .; Wolfeneder, JL; Guilet, D .; Marston, A .; Queiroz, EF; Paulo, MQ; Hostettmann, K. (2003): On-line identification of tropane alkaloids from Erythroxylum vacciniifolium by liquid chromatography-UV detection-multiple mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry . In: Journal of Chromatogragraphy Vol. 1020A: pp. 75-89. ( ISSN  0021-9673 , CODEN JCRAEY).
  • Zanolari, B .; Guilet, D .; Marston, A .; Queiroz, EF; de Queiroz Paulo, M .; Hostettmann, K. (2003): Tropane alkaloids from the bark of Erythroxylum vacciniifolium . In: Journal of Natural Products Vol. 66 (4): pp. 497-502. ( ISSN  0163-3864 , CODEN JNPRDF).
  • Zanolari, B .; Guilet, D .; Marston, A .; Queiroz, EF; de Queiroz Paulo, M .; Hostettmann, K. (2005): Methylpyrrole tropane alkaloids from the bark of Erythroxylum vacciniifolium . In: Journal of Natural Products Vol. 68 (8): pp. 1153-1158. ( ISSN  0163-3864 , CODEN JNPRDF).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Novel Food Catalog
  2. ↑ BVL List of Substances for Plants and Plant Parts 2014