Celtic church chant

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Celtic church chant ( English Celtic chant ) is the name for the liturgical chant repertoire of the Celtic rite of the Catholic Church in Great Britain, Ireland and Brittany . It is related to the Gregorian chant of the Sarum Usus , a type of Roman rite that officially replaced the Celtic rite in the 12th century. Celtic church chant was never recorded, but some traces have been preserved.

history

The Irish Scottish Church dates back to the monastic traditions introduced by St. Patrick in the 5th century. There was no central authority so many local rites could be shaped until Augustine of Canterbury and others instituted the Benedictine traditions in the 7th century . The determination of the Easter date played an important role in this. This dispute was settled at the Synod of Tara in 692. In the following centuries the Sarum custom prevailed.

Characteristics

The Irish Scottish monks were well connected and founded a number of monasteries in Europe. Therefore, the Celtic church chant was influenced by Spanish, Gallic, Roman and even Asian Minor models. It has the greatest commonality with the Cantus gallicanus . A chant that has survived and is believed to be typically Celtic is Ibunt sancti , which is known to have been sung in Ireland. The original text shows typical Celtic elements such as alliterations and pair structures. The traditional melody from a French manuscript has an ABA structure. The opening phrase is repeated at the end of the melody and the melody is repeated in full in the second half of the pair. These features do not appear in the cantus romanus tradition, except in sequences , which, however, go back to Notker I and Tuotilos Tropen in the Irish founding of St. Gallen .

Remarks

  1. ↑ Dáibhí Ó Cróinín, ed. Prehistoric and Early Ireland: Prehistoric and Early Ireland , Volume I (Oxford University Press, 2005), pp 798th
  2. ↑ Dáibhí Ó Cróinín, ed. Prehistoric and Early Ireland: Prehistoric and Early Ireland , Volume I (Oxford University Press, 2005), pp 794th

literature

  • Willi Apel: Gregorian Chant . Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN 1990, ISBN 0-253-20601-4 .
  • David Hiley: Western Plainchant: A Handbook . Clarendon Press, 1995, ISBN 0-19-816572-2 .
  • Richard Hoppin: Medieval Music . WW Norton & Company, 1978, ISBN 0-393-09090-6 .

Web links

  • Buckley, Ann: Celtic Chant, Grove Music Online ed. L. Macy (Accessed 16 May 2006), Grove Music - access by registration only