Chorale

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Title page of the Musica Choralis Deudsch by Martin Agricola , 1533

The word chant ( lat. Adjective choralis to gr. Χορός Choros "choir") originally designated in the liturgy of the Western Church unanimous church music , the even Gregorian chant called cantus Romanus . In the 14th century there was talk of the cantus choralis sive ecclesiasticus ("choral or church chant"), with choralis referring to the executing Schola . Choral music is so different from figural music . The word is used with this meaning in the Catholic area to this day .

In the 16th century the Protestant the language hymn melody in the vocal harmonies, the cantus firmus , Choral such as the named composers Johannes Eccard , Michael Praetorius and Samuel Scheidt .

Since the 18th century, the mostly four-part church song ( SATB ), with its melody and text, has been referred to as a chorale in Protestantism . This is also the name of the final stanza in cantatas and oratorios "Choral".

Organ arrangements of hymns are also called chorale ("organ chorale"). Occasionally, free organ pieces with chorale-like themes were also referred to by their composers as chorals (e.g. the “Three Choirs” by César Franck ).

In the 19th and 20th centuries, the term was also used within secular music for "sacred", church hymn-like passages and describes a diatonic , rhythmically simple, homophonically played melody movement, often played by brass (corresponding composers: Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy , Johannes Brahms , Anton Bruckner , Gustav Mahler , Béla Bartók ).

See also

Wiktionary: Choral  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

literature

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