Catherine Winkworth

Catherine Winkworth

Catherine Winkworth (born September 13, 1827 in Holborn , London , † July 1, 1878 near Geneva ) was an English hymn poet and educator. It is best known for her performance, the German chorale tradition native English speakers by their numerous translations of hymns to have brought home. She also worked on improving educational opportunities for girls and translated the biographies of two founders of religious sororities. At 16 she was probably the creator of a once well-known word game: Peccavi (see below).

Life

Early years

Catherine Winkworth was born the fourth daughter of Henry Winkworth, a silk merchant, at 20 Ely Place in Holborn on the outskirts of the City of London . In 1829 her family moved to Manchester , where her father owned a silk twine mill . Winkworth lived in this big city for most of her early life, which was an engine of the Industrial Revolution . She studied with the Unitarian clergyman Rev. William Gaskell, pastor of Cross Street Chapel in Manchester, and the English philosopher Dr. James Martineau . Both belonged to the General Assembly of Unitarian and Free Christian Churches . Urban historian Harold L. Platt noted that in the Victorian Age, membership in this Unitarian community could not be overestimated. It was the source of the liberalism of the city of Manchester, and as a result had a tremendous impact on the city and nation for a generation.

She then moved with her family to Clifton near Bristol . Her sister Susanna Winkworth (1820–1884) was also a translator, mostly of German devotional books.

Choral tradition

Catherine Winkworth spent a year in Dresden , during which time she developed an interest in German hymns. Around 1854 she published her book Lyra Germanica , a collection of her selected hymns that she had translated into English. Another collection followed in 1858.

Winkworth also translated biographies of two founders of sororities for the poor and the sick: "Life of Pastor Fliedner " in 1861 and "Life of Amelia Sieveking " in 1863.

In 1863 she also published The Chorale Book for England , which was co-published by the composers William Sterndale Bennett and Otto Goldschmidt . Her book Christian Singers of Germany followed in 1869 . According to The Harvard University Hymn Book , Winkworth "accomplished more than any other individual in bringing the rich legacy of German hymns to the English-speaking world." Four examples of translations from her hand are published in The Church Hymn Book 1872 (nos. 344, 431, 664 and 807).

Women's education

In addition to translating hymns, Winkworth was heavily involved in the fight for women's rights; she was the executive director of the Clifton Association for Higher Education for Women, an advocate of the Clifton High School for Girls, where a school building was named after her, and a member of Cheltenham Ladies' College. She was also the director of the Red Maids' School at Westbury-on-Trym in Bristol. Winkworth has been described as "an early feminist".

death

Catherine Winkworth died suddenly of a heart condition near Geneva. She was buried in Monnetier in Upper Savoy . A memorial to her was erected in Bristol Cathedral . She is commemorated on August 7th in the saints calendar of the Episcopal Church of the United States of America as a songwriter, together with the songwriter John Mason Neale , also in the saints calendar of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America , there on July 1st.

Works

Translation of in the middle of life

• Lift up your heads, ye mighty gates (translated in 1853 from Georg Weissel's text Macht hoch die Tür from 1635)
• Lyra Germanica, Hymns for the Sundays and chief festivals of the Christian Year, Translated from the German in the Google Book Search (1855 edition compiled by Catherine Winkworth)
• If God be on my side (translated in 1855 from Paul Gerhardt's text Ist Gott für mich, so trete von 1650)
• Ever would I fain be reading (translated in 1858 from Luise Hensel's German text from 1829)
• Holy Spirit! once again (translated in 1858 from Heinrich Held's text Come, come, you spirit of life from 1661)
• Deck thyself my soul with gladness (translated in 1858 from Johann Franck's text Schmücke dich, o liebe Seele from 1646–53, revised by Winkworth in 1863, found in this form in numerous Lutheran, Anglican and Methodist hymn books)
• Jerusalem, Thou City Fair and High (translated in 1858 from Johann Matthäus Meyfart's Jerusalem, you high-rise city from 1626)
• Lyra Germanica: The Christian Year. London 1861 ( full text )
• Ah wounded head! Must Thou (translated in 1861 from Paul Gerhardt's text O Head full of blood and wounds from 1659)
• In the Midst of Life (translated in 1862 from Martin Luther's text Mitten wir im Leben sind von 1524, which goes back to the text Media vita in morte sumus ascribed by Winkworth Notker Balbulus )
• Catherine Winkworth, William Sterndale Bennett and Otto Goldschmidt : The Chorale Book for England: A Complete Hymn-book for Public and Private Worship . 1863
• O dearest Jesus, what law hast thou broken? (translated in 1863 from Johann Heermann's text Herzliebster Jesu, what have you done wrong from 1630)
• Lord Jesus Christ, be present now (translated in 1863 from the text attributed to Wilhelm von Sachsen-Weimar , Herr Jesu Christ, dich zu uns wend from 1651)
• Abide among us with Thy grace (translated in 1863 from Josua Stegmann's text Oh stay with thy grace from 1629)
• Ah God, from heav'n look down and see (translated in 1863 from Martin Luther's text Oh God, from heaven see therein from 1523)
• Lyra Germanica: the Christian life . 1868
• Christian Singers of Germany . 1869
• Come, Holy Ghost, God and Lord (composed for The Church Hymn book,. 1872)
• Songs for the household: Sacred poetry . 1882
• A spotless rose (translated from the first two stanzas of Es ist ein Ros sprung from the 16th century, four-part movements in 1919 by Herbert Howells and in 2002 by Philip Ledger)
• Now thank we all our God (translated from Martin Rinckart's text Nun danket alle Gott from 1630)

Humor: peccavi

Relevant page of Punch Magazine

The said section

The Encyclopedia of Britain by Bamber Gascoigne was (1993) According to it, which, referring to General Charles James Napier's relentless, unauthorized and successful conquest in the Indian province of Sindh , "... their teachers towards noting that Napier's report to the Governor General from India should have read: Peccavi (Latin for 'I have sinned', English: 'I have sinned', in English homophonic with 'I have Sindh', 'I have Sindh'). She sent her pun to the humorous magazine Punch , which printed it on May 18, 1844 as a factual report in the foreign section. Winkworth was 16 years old at the time. As a result, the joke was commonly attributed to Napier. "

This rumor, which lasted for decades, led to an investigation of the Calcutta archives and a comment from William Lee Warner in 1917 and Lawrence Dundas, 2nd Marquess of Zetland , Secretary of State for India , in 1936.

See also

• List of the blessed and saints

literature

• The Church Hymn Book (Edwin F. Hatfield. New York and Chicago: 1872)

Web links

Commons : Catherine Winkworth  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

• Collection of hymns translated by Winkworth (The Cyber ​​Hymnal)
• Biographies and Publications ( Christian Classics Ethereal Library )

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Catherine Winkworth", CyberHymnal ( Memento of the original from February 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
2. ↑ Harold L. Platt: Shock Cities: The Environmental Transformation and Reform of Manchester and Chicago . University of Chicago Press, 2005, ISBN 978-0-226-67076-8 , pp. 64 ( here in the Google book search).
3. ^ The Harvard University Hymn Book . Harvard University, S. 288 ( here in the Google book search).
4. ↑ Catherine Winkworth (Center for Church Music)
5. ↑ Susan Drain: Winkworth, Catherine (1827-1878). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford: Oxford University Press, September 2004). Retrieved September 13, 2010.
6. ↑ Catherine and Susanna Winkworth (Eclectic Ethereal Encyclopedia)
7. ↑ Winkworth, Catherine . In: The Cambridge Guide to Women's Writing in English . Cambridge University Press , 1999, p. 671 (Retrieved May 22, 2018).
8. ↑ Catherine Winkworth, Hymnwriter and Educator (Biographical Sketches of Memorable Christians of the Past)
9. ↑ Holy Spirit! once again. Hymnary.org, accessed July 1, 2016 . 
10. ^ Jerusalem, Thou City Fair and High
11. ↑ Ah wounded head! Must Thou. Hymnary.org, accessed July 1, 2016 . 
12. ^ Media vita in morte sumus on CPDL.org
13. ↑ Alas, dear Lord, what law then hast you broken. Hymnary.org, accessed February 10, 2013 . 
14. ↑ Lord Jesus Christ, be present now. Hymnary.org, accessed July 1, 2016 . 
15. ↑ Lord Jesus Christ, be present now on Lutheran-Hymnal.com
16. ^ Abide among us with Thy grace. Hymnary.org, accessed July 1, 2016 . 
17. ↑ Ah God, from heav'n look down and see. Hymnary.org, accessed July 1, 2016 . 
18. ↑ Philip Ledger publications ( Memento of the original from April 14, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
19. ↑ 'Peccavi'
20. ↑ "peccavi": A Good Story Killed, The Manchester Guardian , February 14, 1936