A rose has sprung up

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It is a ros sprung
first print in the Speyer hymn book from 1599
Melody in four-part movement
by Michael Prätorius (1609)

A rose sprung from a church Christmas carol from the 16th century, probably with two stanzas . His text refers to Isa 11,1a  EU : "But from the stump of Jesse a rice grows, a young shoot from its roots brings fruit". The melody for the text can be found in the Speyer hymn book (printed in Cologne in 1599). The composer is unknown. The popular text version of the second stanza was created by the Protestant composer Michael Praetorius , who wrote a widely used four-part choral setting for the song in 1609.

Variants and re-seals

The different variants of the second stanza reveal denominational differences to the person of Mary . In the original Catholic text, the parable of the first stanza is resolved in the second so that Jesse is the root, Maria the rose bush from the root and her child the "flower". The rhetorical duplication of the Isaiah word is interpreted in the song to refer to the rice (Mary) and the blossom (Jesus) that buds from it. In the Catholic version, in the context of the veneration of Mary - compared to the Protestant version - special emphasis is placed on the virgin birth ("and remained a pure maid").

This version of the Catholic hymn was not received in the Protestant Church. It was not until Michael Praetorius , whose choral setting became canonical in the 19th century, that the song was introduced into Protestant songbooks. In the Evangelical text ( Evangelical Hymn book 30) both “rose” and “flower” mean Jesus . What is not taken into account in this interpretation is that according to stanza 1 the rose brought the flower. The emphasis on the continued virginity of Mary gives way to a stronger focus on Jesus. The Catholic text ( God's praise old 132) stays with the statement of the original text, but also offered an ecumenical reading ( God's praise old 133): The double interpretation of “little rose” and “little flower” is also retained here; only the final line “and remained a pure maid” is replaced by “which makes us happy”. In the new Praise to God introduced on the 1st Sunday of Advent 2013, only the Catholic text version is printed under number 243. Friedrich Layriz (1808-1859) added three further stanzas in 1844, at least one of which has remained popular as the third stanza of the song to this day, and has entered not only in Catholic songbooks, but also in the German EG and Swiss RG .

Catholic, Speyer (1599)

1. A rose rose / out
of a root tender /
When the old sung
came from
us / the species came from Jesse / and it brought a flower / brought /
in the middle of cold winter maybe
half the night.

2. The little rose that I mean /
Daruon Isaias says /
Is Mary the pure one /
Who brought the flower from us /
Outside of God's eternal approach /
Has she borne a child /
And remained a pure maid.

(21 more stanzas follow)

Protestant, Praetorius (1609)

A horse has sprung /
from a Wurtzel tender /
as vns the old sung /
from Jesse came the species /
and has brought a flower /
in the middle of the cold winter /
wol for half the night.

The little rose that I mean /
says about Esaias /
brought us alone /
Mary the pure maid /
from God's eternity /
she has borne a child /
[possibly at half the night].

Friedrich Layriz (1844)

1. A rose has sprung
from a root tenderly,
As the ancients sang to us
, the species came from Jesse,
   And brought a little flower,
in the middle of the cold winter,
probably half the night.

2. The little rose that I mean, of
which Isaiah says,
Has brought us only
Marie, the pure maid.
   From God's eternal advice
she gave birth to a child,
probably halfway through the night.

3. The little rose, it
smells so sweet,
With its bright shine it
drives away the darkness.
   True man and true God;
helps us out of all suffering,
saves us from sin and death.

4. Praise, honor be to God the Father,
the Son and Holy Spirit!
Mary, Mother of God,
be blessed!
   He who lay in
the manger turns God's wrath, turns
night into day.

5. O Jesus, until
we
leave this Jamerthal, let your help guide us
into the angel room,
   In your father's kingdom,
where we will praise you forever:
O God, grant us that!

In the music of National Socialism , a profane counterfacture arose , a new poetry of a text based on the existing melody. The National Socialist version pushes the religious content of the song into the background: Jesus is no longer the subject of the text, but the ethnic community.

Translations

The song, published in printed form from the Rhineland , is one of the best-known Christmas carols not only in the German-speaking world. Lo, How a Rose E'er Blooming is the best-known version in English today and was written by Theodore Baker in 1894 , an older translation by Catherine Winkworth is entitled A Spotless Rose is Growing . In the Netherlands , in addition to various translated versions ( Er is een roos ontsprongen or Een roze, fris ontloken ), there is also a secular version: De witte vlokken zweven (“The white flakes float”). In the French-speaking area, the song is known as Dans une étable obscure ("In a dark stable"), in Finnish under Tuo armon valkokyyhky . Det hev ei rose sprunge ( Nynorsk ) is number 33 in the Church of Norway's hymn book (Norsk salmebok 2013) .

A translation into Danish, “En rose så jeg skyde op ad den frosne jord…”, is in the Danish hymn book Den Danske Salmebog , Copenhagen 1953, no. 116, adopted in Den Danske Salmebog , Copenhagen 2002, no. 117; also in the popular hymn book of the Danish folk high school movement, Højskolesangbogen , 18th edition, Copenhagen 2006, No. 222 (translated by Thomas Laub , 1920, revised by Uffe Hansen, 1935, who added a third stanza). The sources are: German, 16th century, Michael Praetorius 1609, Laub and Hansen for the text; for the melody [hymn book] "Cologne 1599".

music

In addition to Praetorius, the song was used by Johannes Brahms as the starting point for a chorale prelude (op. 122, no. 8); there is also a chorale arrangement by the Silesian composer and organist Emanuel Adler (1845–1926), Hugo Distler included it in his 1933 Christmas Oratorio The Christmas story in choral variations, and in 1990 Jan Sandström summarized Praetorius' movement in an eight-part humming choir in Es ist ein Ros sprucht for two choirs a cappella .

literature

Web links

Commons : It's a Ros sprung  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ↑ Xaver Frühbeis: Blossoming out of the snow: “A rose has sprung” . BR-Klassik from December 26, 2011, accessed on December 25, 2019.
  2. ^ A b Friedrich Layriz: Core of the German hymn from Luther to Gellert. CH Beck, Nördlingen 1844, p. 74 f. ( Digitized version of the Greifswald University Library )
  3. ↑ Michael Fischer: Es ist ein Ros sprung (2007). In: Popular and Traditional Songs. Historical-critical song lexicon of the German Folk Song Archive
  4. ↑ Hermann Liese (Ed.): German War Christmas. Special edition to supplement the party archive for National Socialist celebrations and leisure activities “The New Community”. 3. Edition. Munich 1943, p. 135 ( online in the Historisch-Kritischen Liederlexikon ):

    A rose has sprung
    from a root tenderly,
    As the ancients sang to us,
    Of a wondrous kind;
    And brought a flower in the
    middle of the cold winter,
    probably for half the night.

    Now it shines in the heart
    And every
    mother's dream blossoms softly in light candles,
    the tree of life is green.
    The dear Christmas season
    says of always new becoming
    and God's eternity.

    I want to lay down for a year too, Shake
    hands to the next;
    Many hundreds of germs
    soon stir in the vast country.
    Many thousand little children
    Are our people tomorrow,
    Let us be happy!

  5. ↑ 351. Lo, How a Rose E'er Blooming in the online version of the Psalter Hymnal (Gray) , the hymn book of the Christian Reformed Church in North America .
  6. ^ Robinson Meyer: 'Lo, How a Rose E'er Blooming' Is a Musician's Christmas Carol . In: The Atlantic (online edition), December 25, 2015.
  7. ↑ Cf. Otto Holzapfel : Lied index: The older German-language popular song tradition ( online version on the Volksmusikarchiv homepage of the Upper Bavaria district ; in PDF format; ongoing updates) with further information.