Ceropegia candelabrum
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Ceropegia candelabrium (original illustration of Ceropegia tuberosa Roxb., A synonym of C. candelabrum , Roxburgh, 1795, vol. 1, plate 9) |
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| Ceropegia candelabrum | ||||||||||||
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Ceropegia candelabrum is a species of the subfamily of the silk plant family (Asclepiadoideae). The specific epithet is derived from the candelabra- like appearance of the inflorescences.
features
Vegetative characteristics
Ceropegia candelabrum is a perennial , succulent , twisting plant with a rounded tuber . The strong, bare shoots are 3 to 4 mm in diameter. The leaves are stalked. The slightly fleshy leaf blades are linear, elliptical to rounded with a pointed end. They are 2 to 7 cm long and 0.8 to 3.5 cm wide.
Inflorescence and flowers
The inflorescence is stalked with a shaft up to 3 cm long. The sham umbels have 5 to 12 flowers. The flower stalks are 3 to 10 mm long, the sepals about 4 mm. The corolla is 2.5 to 4.5 cm high, greenish-yellow in color with red-brown stripes (especially in the area of the corolla-tube kettle). The corolla tube kettle is egg-shaped and gradually merges into the corolla tube. This is straight or curved and has a diameter of 3 to 4 mm at the base (above the corolla tube). It widens towards the top to about 10 mm. The inside is hairy. The petals are triangular and often drawn out linearly. The two halves are completely bent outwards along the longitudinal axis and fused with the tips above the corolla tube. The hairy inside is yellowish to greenish, the tips purple. The tips can be greatly elongated beyond the point of adhesion. The secondary crown is stalked, the base is fused. The tips of the interstaminal outer corolla are fused with the cup-shaped corolla base. Only a short hem, 0.7 mm high, is pulled up on the side and fused with the base of the staminal corolla. The linear-spatula-like tips of the staminal side crown are 2 to 3 mm long, stand upright and incline towards each other. The pollinia are broadly ovate and 0.30 mm wide and 0.23 mm long.
Geographical distribution and ecology
The species occurs in India and Sri Lanka as well as in Vietnam. In India it blooms from August to January. Fruits are formed from September to January.
Human use and medical significance
The tubers are edible and are eaten raw or cooked, especially by the poor. The plant is also used for various medicinal purposes, for example against hemorrhoids, indigestion, headaches and against bites from poisonous animals.
Ceropegia candelabrum has become quite rare in the original area. There are already artificial propagation projects.
Systematics and taxonomy
The species was first described by Carl von Linné in 1753 . He referred to plate 16 in the work Hortus Indicus Malabaricus by Henricus van Rhede from 1689. In 1795 the species was described again by William Roxburgh as Ceropegia tuberosa , a more recent synonym of C. candelabrum . Other synonyms are: Ceropegia biflora L., Ceropegia mucronata Roth, Ceropegia longiflora Poir. in Rome. & Schult., Ceropegia candelabriformis St.-Lag., Ceropegia elliotii Hook.f. and Ceropegia discreta NEBr. Ceropegia candelabrum is the type species of the genus Ceropegia L.
Japtap et al. (1999) exclude two varieties:
- Ceropegia candelabrum var. Candelabrum
- Ceropegia candelabrum var. Biflora (L.) Ansari
The two taxa are not recognized as valid taxa by the Plant List or the Ceropegia Checklist .
swell
literature
- MY Ansari: Asclepiadaceae: Genus Ceropegia. In: Fascicles of Flora of India , Fascicle 16, 1984, pp. 1-34, Botanical Survey of India, Howrah (pp. 10-12)
- Joseph Dalton Hooker (assisted by various botanists): The flora of British India. Volume 4. Asclepiadeae to Amarantaceae. London, Reeve & Co., 1885. Online at www.biodiversitylibrary.org (p. 70)
- Herbert H. Huber: Revision of the genus Ceropegia. In: Memórias da Sociedade Broteriana , Volume 12, 1957, pp. 1–203, Coimbra (pp. 58–60)
- AP Jagtap, N. Singh, N .: Asclepiadaceae and Periplocaceae. In: Fascicles of Flora of India , Fascicle 24, 1999, pp. 211-241, Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata (pp. 218/9).
- Ulrich Meve: Ceropegia . In: Focke Albers, Ulrich Meve (Hrsg.): Succulents Lexicon Volume 3 Asclepiadaceae (silk plants) . Pp. 61-107, Eugen Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-8001-3982-0 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Vietnam Plant Data Center
- ↑ Ceropegia candelabrum on the Ceropegia site by Alexander Lang ( memento of the original from August 25, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ MR Beena and KP Martin: In vitro propagation of the rare medicinal plant Ceropegia candelabrum L. through somatic embryogenesis. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Plant, 39: 510-513, 2003 doi : 10.1079 / IVP2003468
- ↑ Carl von Linné: Species plantarum? Exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas ... Stockholm, Salvius 1753. Online at archive.org (description p . 211)
- ↑ Henricus van Rhede tot Drakenstein: Hortus Indicus Malabaricus: continens regni Malabarici apud Indos cereberrimi onmis generis plantas rariores, Latinas, Malabaricis, Arabicis, Brachmanum charactareibus hominibusque expressas ... vol. 9, Amsterdam 1689 Online at www.biodiversitylibrary.org (p. 27/8, plate 16)
- ^ William Roxburgh: Plants of the Coast of Coromandel; Selected From Drawings and Descriptions presented to the Hon. Court of Directors of the East India Company. vol. 1, London, Bulmer, 1795 online at Botanicus.org (description of Ceropegia tuberosa on p. 12, plate 9).
- ^ Rafael Govaerts (ed.): World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (in review): Ceropegia. Published in: The Plant List. A working list of all plant species. Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Missouri Botanical Garden, accessed December 2, 2011.
- ↑ Ulrich Meve: Ceropegia Checklist. A guide to alternative names used in recent Ceropegia classification. In: Dennis de Kock, Ulrich Meve: A Checklist of Brachystelma, Ceropegia and the genera of the Stapeliads. International Asclepiad Society 2007, pp. 83-113.
Web links
- Ceropegia candelabrum on flickr.com
- Ceropegia candelabrum on www.flowersofindia.in (variety with very elongated petal tips)