Chromis

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Chromis
Monk fish (Chromis chromis)

Monk fish ( Chromis chromis )

Systematics
Perch relatives (Percomorphaceae)
Ovalentaria
incertae sedis
Family : Damselfish (Pomacentridae)
Subfamily : Chrominae
Genre : Chromis
Scientific name
Chromis
Cuvier , 1814

Chromis is the species-richest genus of damselfish (Pomacentridae). In German, the fish are also referred to as swallowtails . The schooling fish live in subtropical and tropical coral and rock reefs of the Atlantic and Indo-Pacific . They prefer reefs that are periodically exposed to strong currents. The monk fish ( Chromis chromis ), whichlivesin the Mediterranean , the Black and Azov Seas and in the Atlantic from Lisbon to the coast of Morocco , has long been the only species in European waters.

Together with the anthias include Chromis -Schwärme the characteristic image of Außenriffhänge . Like almost all damselfish species , Chromis species inhabit the upper 15 to 20 meters of the water column. As zooplankton eaters , however, they also find food in deeper zones. C. amboinensis , C. alpha , C. axillaris , C. delta , C. mirationis , and C. retrofasciata are found below 60 meters in addition to only three other damselfish species . C. abyssicola , C. leucura , C. struhsakeri , C. verater and C. woodsi occur even below 100 meters.

Systematics

According to phylogenetic studies, the genus is not monophyletic , but consists of four clades, one of which, to which mostly high-backed species belong, is the sister group of Dascyllus and another contains the genus Azurina .

Chromis agilis , a representative of the high-backed Chromis species, which are related to Dascyllus .

The following cladogram shows the relationships:

  Chrominae  

 Chromis I (including C. atripectoralis , C. caerulea , C. ternatensis , C. viridis )


   

 Chromis II (including C. abyssus , C. alpha , C. alta , C. analis , C. cadenati , C. caudalis , C. chromis , C. chrysura , C. circumaurea , C. flavomaculata , C. fumea , C. insolata , C. nitida , C. opercularis , C. punctipinnis , C. weberi , C. woodsi , C. xanthochira , C. xanthopterygia , C. xanthura )


   

 Chromis III ( Azurina , C. acares , C. atrilobata , C. brevirostris , C. cyanea , C. multilineata )


   

 Chromis IV ( C. agilis , C. amboinensis , C. atripes , C. iomelas , C. margaritifer , C. ovatiformis , C. retrofasciata )


   

 Dascyllus






Template: Klade / Maintenance / Style

species

There are over 100 types:

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ B. Quenouille, E. Bermingham & S. Planes: Molecular systematics of the damselfishes (Teleostei: Pomacentridae): Bayesian phylogenetic analyzes of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences , Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 31 (2004) 66–88 PDF  ( page no longer retrievable , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: dead link / stri.si.edu  
  2. ↑ Glenn Litsios, Carrie A. Sims, Rafael O. Wüest, Peter B. Pearman, Niklaus E. Zimmermann, Nicolas Salamin: Mutualism with sea anemones triggered the adaptive radiation of clownfishes. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012, November 2012, doi : 10.1186 / 1471-2148-12-212
  3. ↑ Chromis on Fishbase.org (English)

Web links

Commons : Chromis  - collection of images, videos and audio files