Chrysauginae
| Chrysauginae | ||||||||||||
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Galasa nigrinodis |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Chrysauginae | ||||||||||||
| Lederer , 1863 |
The Chrysauginae are a subfamily of the European borer (Pyralidae). They occur worldwide with about 400 kinds. Their main distribution area is the Neotropic , but some genera are also found in North America and the tropics of Asia and Australia. The subfamily is not represented in Europe. Important genera are Azamora , Clydonopteron , Pachypodistes and Galasa .
features
The small to very large moths often have a simple green, brown, gray, yellow or reddish basic color with two transverse lines on the forewings. However, some species have bizarre markings or bright red, yellow or green areas on the wings, others have a mimetic coloring. Pointed eyes ( Ocelli ) are developed, the Jordan organ (Chaetosema) can be developed or absent. The maxillary palps have regressed. The forewings often show a dimorphism in both sexes . In the females, the wings are not modified, in the males, however, the costal veins , the shape of the disc cell , the course of the radial veins as well as the frenulum and retinaculum are modified. The annular retinaculum and the frenulum are thereby used as stridulation organs . The frenulum of females usually has three bristles, males only have one, which is occasionally thickened.
Way of life
The caterpillars of the Chrysauginae eat, depending on the species, on seeds and fruits, drill into stems and roots or live in rolled or folded leaves. There are also species that develop myrmekophil in ant nests or wasp nests. Others feed on the bristles of peacock moth caterpillars of the genus Automeris . The adults of the genera Cryptoses , Bradypodicola and Bradypophila live in the fur of sloths , their caterpillars develop coprophagously from the dung of these animals.
swell
literature
- Niels P. Kristensen: Lepidoptera, moths and butterflies . In: Maximilian Fischer (Ed.): Handbook of Zoology . 1st edition. tape 4 - Arthropoda: Insecta , volume 35. de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1998, ISBN 3-11-015704-7 (English).
- Malcolm J. Scoble: The Lepidoptera: Form, Function and Diversity . Oxford University Press, Oxford 1995, ISBN 0-19-854952-0 (English).
