Moth
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| Pyralidae | ||||||||||
| Latreille , 1802 |
The common moth (Pyralidae) are a family of butterflies within the common common moth (Pyraloidea). They occur worldwide with about 6200 kinds. Most species have their distribution in tropical regions, while in Central Europe only about 145 species are native.
features
The family includes e.g. Sometimes also relatively large butterflies, but also quite small forms. They have a slender body, long legs and a well-developed proboscis, the front wings are elongated triangular, the rear wings have adhesive bristles. They are characterized by a special shape of the tympanic organ . There are also special features in the veining of the forewings. This distinguishes the Pyralidae from the second family of the Pyraloidea , the Crambidae , to which u. a. the boxwood moth (known as a forest and garden pest) counts.
Way of life
The representatives of the family have adapted to many habitats. These include numerous species that pierce plants or eat seeds ( storage pests ), but also specialists whose caterpillars live in bees' or ant nests. Still others live in animal excrement or on plant remains.
etymology
The term pith is derived from the verb “piss”, which is not used today, which means “flicker” or “flicker” and refers to butterflies that fly into open light sources in the evening or at night.
Systematics
Currently, the family of the common borer (Pyralidae) is divided into five subfamilies. Three subfamilies are also represented in Central Europe.
- Chrysauginae (no representatives in Central Europe)
- Epipaschiinae (no representatives in Central Europe)
- Wax moths (Galleriinae)
- Phycitinae
- Pyralinae
See also
literature
- Karl Eckstein: The butterflies of Germany. 5th volume, Die Kleinschmetterlinge Deutschlands. KG Lutz Verlag, Stuttgart 1933.
- B. Goater: British Pyralid Moths . 175 pp., Harley Books, Colchester, Essex 1986.
- EG Munroe, MA Solis: The Pyraloidea. In: NP Kristensen (Ed.): Lepidoptera, Moths and Butterflies. Volume 1: Evolution, systematics, and biogeography . In: M. Fischer (Ed.), Handbook of Zoology. Volume IV Arthropoda: Insecta , Part 35. pp. 233-256, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1998.
- František Slamka: The common moth (Pyraloidea) of Central Europe: determination - distribution - flight area - way of life of the caterpillars . 2nd partially revised edition 112 pp., Bratislava 1997, ISBN 80-967540-2-5
Web links
- Photo overview of the subfamilies / moths - pupae - caterpillars
- Fam.Pyralidae Zünsler ( Memento from July 19, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
- Information Center for Chemistry, Biology, and Pharmacy of the ETH Zurich: Directory of Moth species ( Memento from January 18, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
- Global Information System on Pyraloidea (GlobIZ )
- Pyralidae at Fauna Europaea