Clonazolam

Structural formula
General
Surname	Clonazolam
Molecular formula	C 17 H 12 ClN 5 O 2
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 33887-02-4 PubChem 12317881 Wikidata Q19607410
properties
Molar mass	353.07 g mol
safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling no classification available
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Clonazolam (also known as clonitrazolam) is an active ingredient from the group of benzodiazepines , which was first synthesized in 1971 and was then called the "most active compound in the series". It is available on the internet as a designer drug and is sold in the form of pellets, blotters, or powder. Clonazolam has a high risk of amnesia from a low dose of 0.5 mg . Like all other benzodiazepines, clonazolam has an anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant and hypnotic effect. Due to its high potency, Clonazolam has a high potential for dependence and a rapid development of tolerance.

legality

In Sweden, clonazolam is classified as an addictive substance that requires authorization to manufacture, import, trade or possess.

In Germany, the active ingredient has been subject to the New Psychoactive Substances Act since July 18, 2019 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
2. ↑ Jackson B. Hester Jr, Allan D. Rudzik, Bharat V. Kamdar: 6-Phenyl-4H-s-triazolo [4,3-a] [1,4] benzodiazepines which have central nervous system depressant activity . In: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry . 14, No. 11, November 1971, pp. 1078-1081. doi : 10.1021 / jm00293a015 . PMID 5165540 .
3. ↑ René Borer, Max Gerecke, Emilio Kyburz: Patent EP 0072029 B1 - Triazolobenzazepines, process and intermediates for their preparation and medicines containing them . October 22, 1986. Retrieved August 6, 2015.
4. ↑ Laura M. Huppertz, Philippe Bisel, Folker Westphal, Florian Franz, Volker Auwärter, Bjoern Moosmann: Characterization of the four designer benzodiazepines clonazolam, deschloroetizolam, flubromazolam, and meclonazepam, and identification of their in vitro metabolites . In: Forensic Toxicology . 33, No. 2, July 2015, pp. 388-395. doi : 10.1007 / s11419-015-0277-6 .
5. ↑ Markus R. Meyer, Madeleine Pettersson Bergstrand, Anders Helander, Olof Beck: Identification of main human urinary metabolites of the designer nitrobenzodiazepines clonazolam, meclonazepam, and nifoxipam by nano-liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry for drug testing purposes . In: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry . 408, No. 13, May 2016, pp. 3571-3591. doi : 10.1007 / s00216-016-9439-6 . PMID 27071765 .
6. ↑ M. Chaslot, S. El Balkhi, T. Robin, J. Morichon, N. Picard, F. Saint-Marcoux: Exploration des métabolites de 8 benzodiazépines de synthèse . In: Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique . 28, No. 2, June 2016, p. S32. doi : 10.1016 / j.toxac.2016.03.053 .
7. ↑ Madeleine Pettersson Bergstrand, Anders Helander, Therese Hansson, Olof Beck: Detectability of designer benzodiazepines in CEDIA, EMIT II Plus, HEIA, and KIMS II immunochemical screening assays . In: Drug Testing and Analysis . 2016. doi : 10.1002 / dta.2003 . PMID 27366870 .
8. ↑ Gudrun Høiseth, Silja Skogstad Tuv, Ritva Karinen: Blood Concentrations of new designer benzodiazepines in forensic cases . In: Forensic Science International . 268, 2016, pp. 35-38. doi : 10.1016 / j.forsciint.2016.09.006 . PMID 27685473 .
9. ↑ Bjoern Moosmann, Leslie A King, Volker Auwärter: Designer benzodiazepines: A new challenge . In: World Psychiatry . 14, No. 2, June 2015, p. 248. doi : 10.1002 / wps.20236 . PMID 26043347 . PMC 4471986 (free full text).
10. ↑ Förordning om ändring i förordningen (1992: 1554) om Kontroll av narkotika of July 21, 2015.
11. ^ Ordinance amending the annex to the New Psychoactive Substances Act and annexes to the Narcotics Act. In: Bundesgesetzblatt - Volume 2019 - Part I - No. 27. Bundesanzeiger Verlag, June 17, 2019, accessed on June 18, 2019 .