Cohors III Ulpia Paphlagonum

The Cohors III Ulpia Paphlagonum [equitata] ( German 3rd ulpic cohort from Paphlagonia [partly mounted] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components

Ulpia : the Ulpian. The honorary designation refers to Emperor Trajan , whose full name is Marcus Ulpius Traianus .

Paphlagonum : from Paphlagonia . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited on the territory of Paphlagonia when the unit was set up. The unit Paflagonum is written on the inscription ( CIL 3, 600 ) .

equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry. The addition does not appear anywhere, but since the association headed by Marcus Valerius Lollianus is a cavalry division of the Alae and cohorts in Syria, this is obvious.

Since there is no evidence of the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was a Cohors (quingenaria) equitata . The nominal strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 infantry and 120 horsemen), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 horsemen each.

history

The first evidence of unity in the province of Syria is based on military diplomas dated to 144. In the diplomas, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Syria ) that were stationed in Syria. Another military diploma, dated 157, proves unity in the same province.

The unit took part in the Parthian War of Lucius Verus (161-166). It is listed in the inscription ( CIL 3, 600 ) along with the Cohors II Ulpia Paphlagonum as part of the units that were under the direction of Marcus Valerius Lollianus . The inscription says that Lollianus was the commander in Mesopotamia over sections of selected riders of the Alen [..] and the cohorts .

Locations

The locations of the cohort are not known.

Commanders

A commander of the cohort, a prefect named Iulius , is known by the inscription ( CIL 8, 21037 ) from Iol Caesarea ; he was also prefect of the Ala I Gallorum Flaviana .

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b ^c ^d Julian Bennett: The Regular Roman Auxiliary Regiments Formed from the Provinces of Asia Minor , ANATOLICA XXXVII, 2011, pp. 251-274 here pp. 267, 269 ( PDF pp. 17, 19 ).

^ ^A ^b John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4 , p 390, 394

^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 172 table 14 ( PDF, p. 174 ).

↑ Military diplomas from 144 ( ZPE-188-255 , ZPE-193-253 ) and 157 ( CIL 16, 106 ).

↑ Rudolf Haensch , Peter Weiß : A difficult way. The road construction inscription by M. Valerius Lollianus from Byllis. In: Communications from the German Archaeological Institute. Roman department . Volume 118, 2012, pp. 435-454, here pp. 441-442, and pp. 448-449 ( online ).

[jb-1] A ^b ^c ^d Julian Bennett: The Regular Roman Auxiliary Regiments Formed from the Provinces of Asia Minor , ANATOLICA XXXVII, 2011, pp. 251-274 here pp. 267, 269 ( PDF pp. 17, 19 ).

[jsp-2] A ^b John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4 , p 390, 394

[js-3] Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 172 table 14 ( PDF, p. 174 ).