Cohors I Damascenorum

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The military diploma of the year 90 ( RMD 5, 332 )
The military diploma of the year 139 ( CIL 16, 87 )

The Cohors I Damascenorum or Damascena [Armeniaca or Armeniacum] [sagittariorum or sagittaria] ( German  1st cohort from Damascus [the Armenian] [the archer ] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas , inscriptions and papyri .

Name components

  • Damascenorum or Damascena : from Damascus . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the city of Damascus and its surroundings when the unit was set up .
  • Armeniaca or Armeniacum : the Armenian. The addition appears in most military diplomas.
  • sagittariorum or sagittaria : the archer. The addition occurs in the military diplomas from 142 to 160.

Since there is no evidence of the additions milliaria (1000 men) and equitata (partially mounted), it can be assumed that it is a pure infantry cohort, a Cohors (quingenaria) peditata . The nominal strength of the unit was 480 men, consisting of 6 Centuries with 80 men each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the provinces of Iudaea and Syria Palestine (in that order). It is listed on military diplomas for the years AD 86-186.

The first evidence of unity in Iudaea is based on a diploma dated 86. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman forces in Syria ) that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated 87 to 90, prove unity in the same province.

The first evidence of unity in Syria Palestine is based on a diploma dated 136/137. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated 139 to 186, prove unity in the same province.

Locations

The locations of the cohort are not known.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known.

Commanders

  • Aurelius Pannicus: he is named on one of the diplomas of 160 ( RMM 41 ) as the commander of the cohort.
  • C (aius) Cornelius Minicianus, a prefect (around 118/130) ( CIL 5, 5126 )
  • C (aius) Iulius Cle []: he is named on the diploma of 136/137 as the commander of the cohort.
  • Κλαυδιος Φιλοξενος, a επαρχος (around 130)
  • Μαρκος Κλαυδιος Σερηνος, a επαρχος ( P. Oxy. III 477)

Others

  • Muta, a foot soldier: one of the diplomas of 160 ( RMM 41 ) was issued to him.
  • Papa, a foot soldier: the diploma of 136/137 was issued for him.

Further cohorts with the designation Cohors I Damascenorum

There was another cohort, the Cohors I Flavia Damascenorum . She is documented by military diplomas from 90 to 134 and was stationed in the province of Germania Superior .

See also

Web links

Commons : Cohors I Damascenorum  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1841710464 , pp. 422-423, 432
  2. ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 173 table 15 ( PDF p. 175 ).
  3. ↑ Military diplomas of the years 86 ( AE 2010, 1871 ), 87 ( AE 2009, 1824 , ZPE-170-201 ), 90 ( RMD 5, 332 ), 136/137 ( RMD 3, 160 ), 139 ( CIL 16, 87 ), 142 ( RMM 29 ), 147 ( SCI-2016-92 ), 158 ( ZPE-159-283 ), 160 ( AE 2005, 1730 , AE 2011, 1810 , RMD 3, 173 , RMM 41 ) and 186 ( RMD 1, 69 ).