Cohors V Ulpia Petraeorum

The Cohors V Ulpia Petraeorum [sagittariorum or sagittaria] [equitata] ( German 5th ulpic cohort from Petra [the archer ] [partially mounted] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components

Ulpia : the Ulpian. The honorary designation refers to Emperor Trajan , whose full name is Marcus Ulpius Traianus . A total of 16 cohorts with this suffix are known.

Petraeorum : from Petra . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the city of Petra and its surroundings when the unit was set up . After the annexation of the kingdom of the Nabataeans (with the capital Petra ) by Trajan 106 the soldiers of the royal army were taken over into the Roman armed forces, whereby 6 Cohortes Petraeorum were newly established.

sagittariorum or sagittaria : [the / from] archer. The addition appears in the military diploma ( AE 2006, 1845 ) in the abbreviations sag and sagitt .

equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry.

Since there is no evidence of the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was a Cohors (quingenaria) equitata . The nominal strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 infantry and 120 horsemen), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 horsemen each.

history

The first evidence of unity in the province of Syria is based on a military diploma dated to AD 129. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman forces in Syria ) that were stationed in the province. Another diploma, dated 156/157, proves unity in the same province.

A vexillation of the unit took part in the Parthian War of Lucius Verus (161-166). It is listed in an inscription as part of the units directed by Marcus Valerius Lollianus ( CIL 3, 600 ). The inscription says that Lollianus was the commander in Mesopotamia over sections of selected riders of the Alen [..] and the cohorts .

Locations

The locations of the cohort are not known.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known.

Commanders

Tib (erius) Cl (audius) Antoninus, a prefect ( CIL 14, 162 )

Remarks

↑ For details on the military diplomas (literature, dates etc.) see the disc page.

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b ^c John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4 , P. 438,450
^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt: Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 172 table 14 ( PDF p. 174 ).
↑ Florian Matei-Popescu: Two Fragments of Roman Military Diplomas Discovered on the Territory of the Republic of Moldova Dacia, NS, tome LI, Bucarest, 2007, pp. 153–159, here p. 155 ( online ).
↑ Military diplomas of the years 129 ( AE 2006, 1845 ) and 156/157 ( CIL 16, 106 ).
↑ Rudolf Haensch , Peter Weiß : A difficult way. The road construction inscription by M. Valerius Lollianus from Byllis. In: Communications from the German Archaeological Institute. Roman department . Volume 118, 2012, pp. 435-454, here pp. 441-442, and pp. 448-449 ( online ).

[MD-5] For details on the military diplomas (literature, dates etc.) see the disc page.

[jsp-1] A ^b ^c John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4 , P. 438,450

[js-2] Jörg Scheuerbrandt: Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 172 table 14 ( PDF p. 174 ).

[fmp-3] Florian Matei-Popescu: Two Fragments of Roman Military Diplomas Discovered on the Territory of the Republic of Moldova Dacia, NS, tome LI, Bucarest, 2007, pp. 153–159, here p. 155 ( online ).

[MD-4] Military diplomas of the years 129 ( AE 2006, 1845 ) and 156/157 ( CIL 16, 106 ).

[rh-6] Rudolf Haensch , Peter Weiß : A difficult way. The road construction inscription by M. Valerius Lollianus from Byllis. In: Communications from the German Archaeological Institute. Roman department . Volume 118, 2012, pp. 435-454, here pp. 441-442, and pp. 448-449 ( online ).