Bolivia Comb rat
| Bolivia Comb rat | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Ctenomys boliviensis | ||||||||||||
| Waterhouse , 1848 |
The Bolivian crested rat ( Ctenomys boliviensis ) is a species of crested rats . The species lives in northern Bolivia in the Santa Cruz department and thus on the northern edge of the range of the genus that is widespread in southern South America.
features
The Bolivian comb rat reaches an average head-trunk length of about 27.6 centimeters for the males and 22.1 centimeters for the females as well as a tail length of an average of 8.0 and 9.5 centimeters, the weight of the males is average 650 grams and that of the females 420 grams. The average ear length is 12 and 9 millimeters and the average hind foot length is 46 and 45 millimeters. It is a comparatively large species of the genus. The fur on the back is shiny, soft and short, it is generally light red-brown in color. The top of the head and the muzzle are black-brown, around the neck an indistinct dark brown band extends down to the back. The ventral side is light rust-red to yellow, at the beginning of the abdomen the animals have a white spot. The tail is dark brown on the top and light on the underside.
The skull is strongly developed with a conspicuous taper in the middle of the snout region. The upper incisors are very wide.
The karyotype is variable and consists of a chromosome set of 2n = 36 to 46 chromosomes (FN = 64). The sperm of the animals are symmetrical.
distribution
The Bolivian crested rat lives in northern Bolivia in the Santa Cruz Department and thus on the northern edge of the range of the genus that is widespread in southern South America.
Way of life
The habitat of the heather crested rat is dry with fragile and not flooded soils. It has also been detected in open savannah areas that have been disturbed by sugar cane plantations, cattle pastures and other agricultural activities.
The species lives solitary and like all other crested rats it lives on the ground and digs in the ground. There it feeds mainly on underground roots and tubers. The females give birth to 1 to 7 young animals per litter, an average of 1.7.
Systematics
The Bolivian crested rat is classified as an independent species within the genus of crested rats ( Ctenomys ), which consists of around 70 species. The first scientific description of the species comes from George Robert Waterhouse from 1848, who described it using individuals from "Santa Cruz de la Sierra". Oldfield Thomas later corrected this information in Santa Cruz, Bolivia.
The species was assigned to the boliviensis species group within the genus with some close relatives on the basis of molecular biological characteristics . The Goodfellow comb rat ( Ctenomys goodfellowi ) was according to Gardner et al. Integrated into the Bolivian comb rat in 2014, but still represents an independent species according to the Handbook of the Mammals of the World . They also represent the species as sister species to a taxon from the Natterer comb rat ( Ctenomys nattereri ) and the two-colored comb rat ( Ctenomys bicolor ) across from. According to Wilson & Reeder 2005, the Natterer comb rat was regarded as a subspecies of the Bolivian comb rat.
Apart from the nominate form, no further subspecies are distinguished within the species .
Status, threat and protection
The Bolivian comb rat is listed as not endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), although the IUCN still regards the Natterer comb rat as a subspecies of the Bolivian comb rat. There are currently no threats to its existence for this species.
supporting documents
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Bolivian Tuco-tuco. In: TRO Freitas: Family Ctenomyidae In: Don E. Wilson, TE Lacher, Jr., Russell A. Mittermeier (editor): Handbook of the Mammals of the World: Lagomorphs and Rodents 1. (HMW, Volume 6) Lynx Edicions, Barcelona 2016, p. 513. ISBN 978-84-941892-3-4 .
- ↑ a b c d e Scott Lyell Gardner, Jorge Salazar-Bravo, Joseph A. Cook: New Species of Ctenomys Blainville 1826 (Rodentia: Ctenomyidae) from the Lowlands and Central Valleys of Bolivia. Faculty Publications on the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology, Special Publications, Museum of Texas Tech University 62, 2014; Pp. 1-34; Full text .
- ↑ a b c Ctenomys boliviensis in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2018 Posted by: J. Dunnum, N. Bernal, 2016. Retrieved on January 24 of 2019.
- ↑ Andrés Parada, Guillermo D'Elía, Claudio J. Bidau, Enrique P. Lessa: Species groups and the evolutionary diversification of tuco-tucos, genus Ctenomys (Rodentia: Ctenomyidae). Journal of Mammalogy 92 (3), June 9, 2011; Pp. 671-682. doi : 10.1644 / 10-MAMM-A-121.1
- ↑ Ctenomys boliviensis . In: Don E. Wilson , DeeAnn M. Reeder (Eds.): Mammal Species of the World. A taxonomic and geographic Reference. 2 volumes. 3. Edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore MD 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4 .
literature
- Bolivian Tuco-tuco. In: TRO Freitas: Family Ctenomyidae In: Don E. Wilson, TE Lacher, Jr., Russell A. Mittermeier (editor): Handbook of the Mammals of the World: Lagomorphs and Rodents 1. (HMW, Volume 6) Lynx Edicions, Barcelona 2016, p. 513. ISBN 978-84-941892-3-4 .