Cupisnique culture
The Cupisnique culture (or Cupinisque, Cupisinique ) was one from about 1500 to 1000 BC. BC on the Pacific coast of today's Peru, flourishing pre-Columbian culture. It has a distinctive building style made of adobe bricks , but shows similarities in art style and religious symbols with the Chavin culture , which populated the same region at a later time. The relationships between Chavin and Cupisnique are unclear. Alana Cordy-Collins advocates the theory that the Cupisnique culture survived from 1000 to 200 BC. BC which can be directly associated with the time of the Chavin. For Izumi Shimada, however, the Cupisnique are the possible ancestors of the Mochicas and have no connections to the Chavin culture. Anna Curtenius Roosevelt reports that the Chavin culture was dominated by the Cupisnique style.
Numerous handle vases have been found in tombs in the Cupisnique valley, which gave this culture its name. The Peruvian archaeologist Rafael Larco Hoyle (1901–1966) was the first to distinguish the Cupisnique culture from the Chavin culture, which was previously thought to be the founder of pre-Columbian cultures.
cult
In 2008 a Cupisnique temple was discovered in the Lambayeque Valley, with images of a spider god in connection with rainfall, hunting and war. The image of the spider god shows a spider with the mouth of a large cat and the beak of a bird.
Characteristic style
Cupisnique pottery is almost always dark and monochrome, black, brown, or dark red. These colors are created by a special baking process ( redox reaction ). Their "seemingly massive" aspect and the carefully polished surface convey the appearance of stone, basalt or obsidian , decorated with emphasized, incised or engraved motifs.
Individual evidence
- ↑ "Archaism or Tradition ?: The Decapitation Theme in Cupisnique and Moche Iconography" ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as broken. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Alana Cordy-Collins, Latin American Archeology , 3 (3), 1992
- ^ "Pampa Grande and the Mochica Culture," Izumi Shimada, University of Texas Press, 1994
- ^ " Cambridge History of the Native Peoples of the Americas: North America ", Bruce G. Trigger, Wilcomb E. Washburn, Richard EW Adams, Frank Salomon, Murdo J. MacLeod, Stuart B. Schwartz, Cambridge University Press, 1996
