Dalton plan
The Dalton Plan is the name of the first method of differentiated pedagogy developed by Helen Parkhurst . The name goes back to the city of Dalton in Massachusetts , where the method was first experimented with. In 1917, students at a Massachusetts school were able to work autonomously at their own pace, distributing their duties as they saw fit based on "contracts" that existed for each discipline. The teacher helped and controlled the work.
The two principles of the Dalton (Laboratory) Plan, as Helen Parkhurst's concept was originally called, are:
- Dispensing with frontal teaching
- Schoolchildren acquire learning material independently.
From these principles, Parkhurst derived the following principles:
- freedom - The student must be free during the learning process, i.e. H. it must not be directed or controlled. Controls only take place at the end of a lesson sequence in the form of written work.
- cooperation - Each student should work together with other students during the learning process, with the freedom to study individually or in groups at any time.
- budgeting time - learning material and learning objectives are specified for a specified period of time, whereby the students control their learning process independently.
The concept of the Dalton Plan is traditionally relatively widespread in the USA and the Netherlands and is also increasingly being used, albeit largely modified, in German schools.
The high school in Alsdorf was awarded the German School Prize by the Robert Bosch Foundation in 2013 for using the Dalton model .
literature
- Helen Parkhurst: Education On The Dalton Plan . New York: EP Dutton & Company, 1922. Digitized
- Susanne Popp : The Dalton Plan in theory and practice. A current educational reform model to promote independent learning in secondary schools . 2nd completely revised, updated edition. Studienverlag, Innsbruck / Vienna 1999, ISBN 3-7065-1317-X , p. 256 .
- Harald Eichelberger: An Introduction to Dalton Plan Pedagogy . Studienverlag, Innsbruck / Vienna 2002, ISBN 978-3-7065-1323-4 , p. 224 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Michael Hansel: Basics of the Dalton Plan. Retrieved January 6, 2020 .
- ↑ Detailed description of the implementation at the Käthe-Kollwitz-Gymnasium in Lengenfeld unterm Stein in Thuringia. (PDF; 8.6 MB) Jenaplan .de, accessed on January 6, 2020 .
- ^ High school in Alsdorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, 2013 award winners. Accessed on January 6, 2020 .
- ↑ Silke Hoock: Here students choose their teachers themselves. Die Welt , October 10, 2016, accessed January 6, 2020 .