Danzig guilder
The Gdańsk Gulden was the currency of the Free City of Gdańsk from 1923 to 1939 . It was divided into 100 pfennigs. In the previous centuries, Danzig had already calculated and partly minted in its own coin. Between 1809 and 1812 Gdansk minted the groschen and shilling (1 groschen = 3 shillings) as copper coins. In the 18th century, ducats (made of gold), 2 guilders , 18 groschen and VI groschen (made of silver), as well as groschen and shillings were also issued embossed from copper.
history
When the Versailles Treaty came into force on January 10, 1920, Danzig was separated from the German Reich and became a "Free City". Although negotiations between Poland and Danzig on the introduction of a common currency had already taken place in November 1920 , the paper mark initially remained the official currency. The city issued a number of series of emergency notes denominated in Mark , but these became completely worthless in the course of the hyperinflation of 1923 . Poland and the government of the Free City of Danzig agreed on September 22, 1923 in Geneva to introduce a new currency, which the Polish side regarded as the preliminary stage of a common currency. According to the unanimous decision of the People's Day on October 19, 1923 and the Senate resolutions of October 20 and November 20, 1923, the guilder was introduced as the new currency on October 26, 1923 . Initially it was a matter of simple receipts from the central cash register , which are also known as "intermediate guilders". On December 18, 1923, the German currency was abolished and the guilder legal tender .
Coins made of nickel, silver and gold came into circulation. A Danzig guilder was worth 1/25 of the British pound , the 25 guilder piece corresponded to a sovereign and contained 7.322 grams of fine gold. Most of the coins were designed in the Berlin mint , some issues were minted in the Utrecht mint.
The Danziger Gulden was initially issued by the Danziger Zentralkasse AG, established on October 19, 1923. Then the Bank of Danzig, founded on February 5, 1924 with a capital of 7.5 million guilders, took over the function of a central bank . This moved into the building of the Reichsbank headquarters, which ceased operations on December 31, 1923.
The 2nd Coin Ordinance of 1924 changed the binding of the Gdańsk guilder. Since then, 1 Gulden was equivalent to 0.292895 grams of pure gold. The 3rd Coin Ordinance of 1931 reduced this value to 0.1687923 grams (gold value of one guilder today, disregarding changes in purchasing power: € 8.92). Thus the Danzig Gulden was the Polish zloty equalized. In July 1938 the official equivalent of 100 Gulden was around 47 Reichsmarks. The Danzig Gulden was the official currency of the Free City of Danzig until the annexation by the German Reich in 1939. The value of the cover gold still available for the Danzig Gulden in 1939 was around 23 million Gulden on May 1, 1935 and August 31, 1939.
20 Danzig guilders
1 Gdańsk guilder
Exchange rates Gdańsk guilders
Coins and banknotes
Coins with the values 1, 2, 5, 10 and 50 pfennigs as well as 1, 5, 10 and 25 florins were issued. There were also banknotes of 1, 2, 5, 10 and 50 pfennigs as well as 1, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 100 and 1000 florins. Banknotes with a value of less than 10 guilders had not been in circulation since the mid-1930s.
literature
- Friedrich von Schrötter: Dictionary of coinage. Walter de Gruyter & Co, Berlin 1970, DNB 458690163 , p. 246.
- Wolfgang Ramonat: The League of Nations and the Free City of Danzig 1920–1934, 1979, ISBN 3-7648-1115-3 , pp. 170–173
Individual evidence
- ↑ Arnold, Küthmann, Steinhilber, Large German coin catalog from 1800 to today, 35th edition, Regenstauf 2019 on: Danzig No. 1 and 2
- ^ Gerhard Schön, German coin catalog 18th century, 3rd edition, Regenstauf 2002
- ↑ Article on www.danzig.org ( Memento of the original from May 29, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed May 12, 2011
