Folk day
The People's Day was the parliament of the Free City of Danzig from December 6, 1920 to September 1, 1939 . This consisted initially (I. – III. Volkstag) of 120, later (IV.–VI. Volkstag) of 72 members, who were elected for four years in the D'Hondt procedure . Active right to vote : Men and women from 20 years of age in possession of civil rights (Art. 8. Para. 1 and 3 DanV ). The right to be electedmen and women aged 25 and over had the right to vote (Art. 8 Para. 2 DanV). Electoral system: one vote per voter, one constituency. In contrast to most other parliaments, which hold fixed and time-limited meetings, the Gdańsk People's Day met as a permanent institution. The People's Day elected the Senate of the Free City of Danzig as the government of the Free City of Danzig ( executive branch ).
History of the People's Day
The area of the Free City of Danzig was part of the Prussian province of West Prussia in the German Empire . In the provincial capital Gdansk, the provincial parliament of the province West Prussia existed as a representative body and thus the predecessor of the people's day. After the First World War , parts of the province of West Prussia were added to Poland . Against the will of the population, Danzig and the surrounding area were split off from Reich in 1920 and declared the Free City of Danzig. The Inter-Allied Administration appointed a State Council as a quasi-all-party government. On May 16, 1920, the elections for the Constituent Assembly in Danzig 1920 took place. The elected constituent assembly passed the constitution of the Free City of Danzig on August 13, 1920 and declared itself the first people's day on December 6, 1920.
The I. Volkstag officiated December 6, 1920 to December 31, 1923. He chose December 6, 1920, Senate Sahm I . It was formed by a civil coalition of DNVP , Center DDP and the also liberal Free Economic Association. The Social Democrats were in opposition.
On November 18, 1923, the People's Day election took place in Danzig 1923 for the Second People's Day. The second People's Day was held from January 1, 1924 to December 31, 1927. On November 13, 1927, the People's Day election in Danzig in 1927 took place on the III. People's Day instead. The third People's Day was in office from January 1, 1928 - November 15, 1930. With the constitutional amendment of July 4, 1930, the People's Day was reduced from 120 to 72 members. Furthermore, the law to amend the constitution provided for the dissolution of the People's Day and a new election in the newly determined size.
The early People's Day election in Gdansk 1930 for the Fourth People's Day took place on November 16, 1930. The fourth Volkstag officiated on 16 November 1930 to 27 May 1933. With the Free City of Danzig parliamentary election, 1933 on May 28, 1933 took place in Gdansk, the seizure of power by the National Socialists. The NSDAP received an absolute majority. The fifth Volkstag officiated on May 28, 1933 to April 6, 1935. Due to the status of the Free City of Danzig (the Constitution was under the protection of the League of Nations ) was the DC circuit not take place democratic institutions immediately. The NSDAP therefore had an early People's Day election held in Danzig on April 7, 1935 for the 6th People's Day. Despite massive influence and election fraud, the National Socialists did not succeed in obtaining a majority that would change the constitution. He held office from April 7, 1935 until the end of the Free City of Danzig on September 1, 1939. With threats, arrests and bribery, some democratic members of parliament were forced to convert to the NSDAP and the democratic parties were banned.
Presidents of the People's Day
- 1920–1921: Wilhelm Reinhard
- 1921 Adelbert Matthaei :
- 1921–1923: Adolf Treichel
- 1923–1924: Julius Gehl
- 1924–1926: Adolf Treichel
- 1926–1928: Alfred Semrau
- 1928–1930: Friedrich "Fritz" Spill
- 1930–1931: Julius Gehl
- 1931–1933: Wilhelm von Wnuck
- 1933 Franz Potrykus :
- 1933–1936: Wilhelm von Wnuck
- 1937-1939: Edmund Beyl
Election results
Overview
'19 a | '20 | '23 | '27 | '30 | '33 | '35 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Turnout. | 70.04 | 81.60 | 85.43 | 89.07 | 92.09 | 99.5 | Turnout. | ||
NSDAP | . | . | . | 0.81 d | 16.40 | 50.12 | 59.31 | NSDAP | |
DSP | . | . | 6.25 | 1.16 | . | . | . | DSP | |
WVgg | . | 9.71 | 2.90 b | 1.22 | 3.22 | . | . | WP | |
DNVP | 15.33 | 28.20 | 26.98 | 19.59 | 13.11 | 6.35 | 4.17 h | DNVP | |
DVG | . | . | . | . | 3.39 e | . | . | DVG | |
NLBP | . | . | . | 4.56 | 2.22 | . | . | NLBP | |
DDVP | . | . | 4.49 | 4.38 | . | . | . | DDVP | |
BAG | . | . | . | 2.31 | 2.37 | . | . | BAG | |
DDP | 23.78 | 8.76 | 6.68 c | 3.39 | 1.64 | . | . | DLP | |
center | 16.27 | 13.88 | 12.81 | 14.27 | 15.28 | 14.63 | 13.41 | center | |
SP | 38.51 | 15.93 | 24.12 | 33.79 | 25.25 | 17.69 | 16.05 | SP | |
USP | 6.12 | 17.45 | . | . | . | . | . | USP | |
KP | . | . | 9.09 | 6.40 | 10.21 | 6.80 | 3.37 | KP | |
Poland | . | 6.08 | 4.38 | 3.15 | 3.23 f | 3.15 g | 3.53 | Poland | |
Others | . | . | 2.29 | 4.97 | 3.68 | 1.25 | 0.16 | Others | |
graphic overview | |||||||||
Seats | 120 | 120 | 120 | 72 | 72 | 72 | Seats | ||
NSDAP | . | . | 1 d | 12 | 38 | 43 | NSDAP | ||
DSP | . | 7th | 1 | . | . | . | DSP | ||
WVgg | 12 | 3 b | 1 | 2 | . | . | WP | ||
DNP | 34 | 33 | 25th | 10 | 4th | 3 h | DNVP | ||
DVG | . | . | . | 3 e | . | . | DVG | ||
NLBP | . | . | 5 | 2 | . | . | NLBP | ||
DDVP | . | 6th | 5 | . | . | . | DDVP | ||
BAG | . | . | 3 | 2 | . | . | BAG | ||
DDP | 10 | 8 c | 4th | 1 | . | . | DLP | ||
center | 17th | 15th | 18th | 11 | 10 | 10 | center | ||
SP | 19th | 30th | 42 | 19th | 13 | 12 | SP | ||
USP | 21st | . | . | . | . | . | USP | ||
KP | . | 11 | 8th | 7th | 5 | 2 | KP | ||
Poland | 7th | 5 | 3 | 2 f | 2 g | 2 | Poland | ||
Others | . | 2 | 4th | 1 | - | - | Others |
a Election to the constituent German National Assembly.
b FrVgg
c DPWF
d NSDAP and Vrp
e of which DVG "Landliste" 2.68%, 3 seats, DVG "Stadtliste" 0.71%.
f Of which Poland 2.41%, 2 seats, PKP 0.82%.
g Of which Poland 2.04%, 1 seat, PLM 1.11%, 1 seat.
h "List of wise"
Results
January 19, 1919
Election to the constituent German National Assembly
Result in the district and urban district of Gdansk. | be right | |
---|---|---|
at all | vH | |
Eligible voters | ||
Voters | ||
voter turnout | ||
invalid votes | ||
valid votes | 144,577 | |
from that: | ||
Social Democratic Party | 55,677 | 38.51 |
German Democratic Party | 34,375 | 23.78 |
Christian People's Party | 23,516 | 16.27 |
German National People's Party | 22,168 | 15.33 |
Independent social democratic party | 8,841 | 6.12 |
1st People's Day
May 16, 1920, election to the constitution. Assembly | be right | Seats | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
at all | vH | overh | vH | |
Eligible voters | 219.149 | 66.28 | ||
Voters | 153,488 | |||
voter turnout | 70.04 | |||
invalid votes | 254 | 0.17 | ||
valid votes | 153.234 | 99.83 | 120 | |
from that: | ||||
German National Party | 43.206 | 28.20 | 34 | 28.33 |
Independent social democratic party | 26,734 | 17.45 | 21st | 17.50 |
Social Democratic Party of the Free City of Gdansk | 24,409 | 15.93 | 19th | 15.83 |
Center Party | 21,262 | 13.88 | 17th | 14.17 |
Free economic association | 14,878 | 9.71 | 12 | 10.00 |
German Democratic Party | 13,424 | 8.76 | 10 | 8.33 |
Polish party | 9,321 | 6.08 | 7th | 5.83 |
2nd People's Day
Election for the 2nd People's Day on November 18, 1923 | be right | Seats | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
at all | vH | overh | vH | |
Eligible voters | 202,599 | 52.76 | ||
Voters | 165.311 | |||
voter turnout | 81.60 | |||
invalid votes | 517 | 0.31 | ||
valid votes | 164,794 | 99.69 | 120 | |
from that: | ||||
German National Party | 44,459 | 26.98 | 33 | 27.50 |
Social Democratic Party of the Free City of Gdansk | 39,755 | 24.12 | 30th | 25.00 |
Center Party | 21,114 | 12.81 | 15th | 12.50 |
Communist Party | 14,982 | 9.09 | 11 | 9.17 |
German Party for Progress and Economy | 11.009 | 6.68 | 8th | 6.67 |
German Social Party | 10.301 | 6.25 | 7th | 5.83 |
German-Danzig People's Party | 7,406 | 4.49 | 6th | 5.00 |
Polish party | 7.212 | 4.38 | 5 | 4.17 |
Free association of officials, employees and workers | 4,782 | 2.90 | 3 | 2.50 |
Association of fishermen, smokers, small businesses and artisans |
1,810 | 1.10 | 1 | 0.83 |
Tenant and business party | 1,686 | 1.02 | 1 | 0.83 |
National, Christian-social equalization party | 278 | 0.17 | - | - |
3rd People's Day
November 13, 1927, election for the 3rd People's Day | be right | Seats | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
at all | vH | overh | vH | |
Eligible voters | 214,641 | 55.90 | ||
Voters | 183.363 | |||
voter turnout | 85.43 | |||
invalid votes | 527 | 0.29 | ||
valid votes | 182,836 | 99.71 | 120 | |
from that: | ||||
Social Democratic Party of the Free City of Gdansk | 61,779 | 33.79 | 42 | 35.00 |
German National People's Party | 35,826 | 19.59 | 25th | 20.83 |
Center Party | 26.096 | 14.27 | 18th | 15.00 |
Communist Party | 11,700 | 6.40 | 8th | 6.67 |
National Liberal Citizens' Party | 8,331 | 4.56 | 5 | 4.17 |
German-Danzig People's Party | 8,010 | 4.38 | 5 | 4.17 |
German Liberal Party | 6,204 | 3.39 | 4th | 3.33 |
Polish party | 5,764 | 3.15 | 3 | 2.50 |
Civil working group | 4,227 | 2.31 | 3 | 2.50 |
Tenant and creditor party | 3,577 | 1.96 | 2 | 1.67 |
Economic list | 2,225 | 1.22 | 1 | 0.83 |
German Social Party | 2.130 | 1.16 | 1 | 0.83 |
Fishing party | 1,858 | 1.02 | 1 | 0.83 |
United Lists of the National Socialists German Workers' Party (Hitler) and the Revaluation |
1,483 | 0.81 | 1 | 0.83 |
Gdansk Homeowners Party | 1,392 | 0.76 | 1 | 0.83 |
German middle class and workers' party | 1.005 | 0.55 | - | - |
Gdansk economic bloc | 583 | 0.32 | - | - |
General pensioners party | 578 | 0.32 | - | - |
Employee group | 68 | 0.04 | - | - |
4th People's Day
November 16, 1930, election for the 4th People's Day | be right | Seats | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
at all | vH | overh | vH | |
Eligible voters | 222,566 | 54.62 | ||
Voters | 198,237 | |||
voter turnout | 89.07 | |||
invalid votes | 366 | 0.18 | ||
valid votes | 197,871 | 99.82 | 72 | |
from that: | ||||
Social Democratic Party of the Free City of Gdansk | 49,965 | 25.25 | 19th | 26.39 |
National Socialist German Workers Party (Hitler Movement) | 32,457 | 16.40 | 12 | 16.67 |
Center Party | 30,230 | 15.28 | 11 | 15.28 |
German National People's Party | 25,938 | 13.11 | 10 | 13.89 |
Communist Party | 20.194 | 10.21 | 7th | 9.72 |
German-Danzig Economic Party | 6,368 | 3.22 | 2 | 2.78 |
German national community "Landliste" | 5,312 | 2.68 | 3 | 4.17 |
Poland | 4,763 | 2.41 | 2 | 2.78 |
Civil working group | 4,685 | 2.37 | 2 | 2.78 |
National Liberal Citizens' Party | 4,400 | 2.22 | 2 | 2.78 |
Professional representation of Gdansk railway and port employees | 3,480 | 1.76 | 1 | 1.39 |
German Liberal Party | 3,254 | 1.64 | 1 | 1.39 |
Polish Catholic Party | 1,614 | 0.82 | - | - |
Christian People's Party | 1,605 | 0.81 | - | - |
German Volksgemeinschaft "Stadtliste" | 1,396 | 0.71 | - | - |
Tenant party | 1.312 | 0.66 | - | - |
Fishermen and smokers | 898 | 0.45 | - | - |
5th People's Day
May 28, 1933, election for the 5th People's Day | be right | Seats | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
at all | vH | overh | vH | |
Eligible voters | 233,842 | 57.38 | ||
Voters | 215.341 | |||
voter turnout | 92.09 | |||
invalid votes | 1,213 | 0.56 | ||
valid votes | 214.128 | 99.44 | 72 | |
from that: | ||||
National Socialist German Workers Party (Hitler Movement) | 107,331 | 50.12 | 38 | 52.78 |
Social Democratic Party of the Free City of Gdansk | 37,882 | 17.69 | 13 | 18.06 |
Center Party | 31,336 | 14.63 | 10 | 13.89 |
Communist Party | 14,566 | 6.80 | 5 | 6.94 |
German National People's Party | 13,596 | 6.35 | 4th | 5.56 |
Poland | 4,358 | 2.04 | 1 | 1.39 |
Polish list Doctor Moczynski | 2,385 | 1.11 | 1 | 1.39 |
Young German movement | 1,698 | 0.79 | - | - |
German-Gdansk Home Owners Party | 976 | 0.46 | - | - |
6th People's Day
April 7, 1935, election for the 6th People's Day | be right | Seats | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
at all | vH | overh | vH | |
Eligible voters | 237.165 | 61.76 | ||
Voters | ||||
voter turnout | approx. 99.5 | |||
invalid votes | ||||
valid votes | 235.062 | 72 | ||
from that: | ||||
National Socialist German Workers Party (Hitler Movement) | 139.423 | 59.31 | 43 | 59.72 |
Social Democratic Party | 37,729 | 16.05 | 12 | 16.67 |
Center Party | 31,522 | 13.41 | 10 | 13.89 |
List way | 9,805 | 4.17 | 3 | 4.17 |
Poland | 8,294 | 3.53 | 2 | 2.78 |
Communist Party of Germany | 7,916 | 3.37 | 2 | 2.78 |
Others | 373 | 0.16 | - | - |