Demineralization (medicine)

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In medicine, demineralization (also called demineralization or demineralization) is understood to be a pathological depletion of inorganic components in individual organs, particularly the most common mineral components calcium and phosphate . Since the reduction in the calcium content usually leads to pathological changes, one also speaks of decalcification . The organs threatened by demineralization are those with a particularly high proportion of minerals, i.e. bones and teeth . In osteoporosis , osteopenia , osteomalacia and halisteresis, it is mainly the bone substance ( substantia compacta and substantia spongiosa ) that is affected.

Demineralization is caused by increased degradation of tissue, insufficient storage of minerals or the cultivation of tissue. Demineralization is seldom based on insufficient intake from food. Evidence of demineralization can be done, for example, by measuring the bone density .

The loss of electrolytes (sodium, chlorine, potassium and calcium) caused by osmotic diuresis in the context of kidney disease has been called demineralization.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ H. Ehrlich, PG Koutsoukos, KD Demadis, OS Pokrovsky: Principles of demineralization: modern strategies for the isolation of organic frameworks. Part I. Common definitions and history. In: Micron (Oxford, England: 1993). Volume 39, Number 8, December 2008, pp. 1062-1091, ISSN  0968-4328 . doi : 10.1016 / j.micron.2008.02.004 . PMID 18403210 .
  2. ↑ H. Ehrlich, PG Koutsoukos, KD Demadis, OS Pokrovsky: Principles of demineralization: modern strategies for the isolation of organic frameworks. Part II. Decalcification. In: Micron (Oxford, England: 1993). Volume 40, Number 2, February 2009, pp. 169-193, ISSN  0968-4328 . doi : 10.1016 / j.micron.2008.06.004 . PMID 18804381 .
  3. ↑ Joachim Frey : Diseases of the kidneys, the water and salt balance, the urinary tract and the male sexual organs. In: Ludwig Heilmeyer (ed.): Textbook of internal medicine. Springer-Verlag, Berlin / Göttingen / Heidelberg 1955; 2nd edition ibid. 1961, pp. 893-996, here: pp. 923-926 ( Demineralisation, Transmineralisation ).