Dengue virus vaccine

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A dengue virus vaccine is a vaccine against the dengue virus .

properties

In December 2018, the dengue virus vaccine CYD-TDV was approved in the EU under the trade name Dengvaxia .

Experimental dengue virus vaccines are attenuated dengue viruses ( CYD-TDV , DENVax , TetraVax-DV , TV003 ), inactivated dengue viruses ( TDENV PIV ) or subunit vaccines ( V180 ), which cover all four existing serotypes . Since the non-human primates that serve the dengue viruses as reservoir hosts in the so-called sylvatic cycle are inadequately identified, and higher apes for experiments on ethical grounds are not available, there are no suitable animal model . Furthermore, immunization against four different serotypes is necessary in order to be broadly effective. There may be a fifth serotype. The cause of the immune pathogenesis in the event of renewed infection with a different serotype of dengue viruses is not yet fully known; a cytokine storm may arise in the course of the cellular immune response , and the infection is facilitated by antibodies that reinforce the infection ( Antibody Dependent Enhancement ) .

The E protein of the dengue virus is immunodominant with regard to the formation of antibodies and neutralizing antibodies are formed against it. Although no correlates of vaccine protection are yet available for vaccine design , the World Health Organization has developed a virus neutralization test to measure neutralizing antibodies.

Success control

After vaccination , it is difficult to use antibodies to determine whether an infection has occurred despite vaccination. As a result of the vaccination, antibodies against the virus are contained in the serum, which are either the result of the vaccination or a dengue infection despite the vaccination. As a result, an ELISA was developed that can differentiate between anti-NS1 of the dengue virus and anti-NS1 of the CYT-TDV vaccine. NS1 is the "nonstructural protein" No. 1 of the dengue virus. The vaccine CYD-TDV, on the other hand, contains NS1 of the yellow fever virus and therefore produces slightly different antibodies.

history

The first reports of dengue virus vaccines come from the US Army in the Philippines in 1925. In 2015 Dengvaxia was approved in Mexico , then in Brazil . However, the manufacturer Sanofi warned against its use in 2017, as the disease could be exacerbated under certain circumstances.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dengvaxia EPAR . October 23, 2019. Retrieved December 6, 2019.
  2. Jump up ↑ BD Kirkpatrick, SS Whitehead, KK Pierce, CM Tibery, PL Grier, NA Hynes, CJ Larsson, BP Sabundayo, KR Talaat, A. Janiak, MP Carmolli, CJ Luke, SA Diehl, AP Durbin: The live attenuated dengue vaccine TV003 elicits complete protection against dengue in a human challenge model. In: Science Translational Medicine . Volume 8, number 330, March 2016, p. 330ra36, doi : 10.1126 / scitranslmed.aaf1517 , PMID 27089205 .
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g M. A. McArthur, MB Sztein, R. Edelman: Dengue vaccines: recent developments, ongoing challenges and current candidates. In: Expert review of vaccines. Volume 12, number 8, August 2013, pp. 933-953, doi : 10.1586 / 14760584.2013.815412 , PMID 23984962 , PMC 3773977 (free full text).
  4. ↑ D. Normile: Tropical medicine. Surprising new dengue virus throws a spanner in disease control efforts. In: Science. Volume 342, number 6157, October 2013, p. 415, doi : 10.1126 / science.342.6157.415 , PMID 24159024 .
  5. ↑ J. Flipse, JM Smit: The Complexity of a Dengue Vaccine: A Review of the Human Antibody Response. In: PLoS neglected tropical diseases. Volume 9, number 6, 2015, p. E0003749, doi : 10.1371 / journal.pntd.0003749 , PMID 26065421 , PMC 4465930 (free full text).
  6. ↑ JT Roehrig, J. Hombach, AD Barrett: Guidelines for Plaque-Reduction Neutralization Testing of Human Antibodies to Dengue Viruses. In: Viral immunology. Volume 21, Number 2, June 2008, pp. 123-132, doi : 10.1089 / vim.2008.0007 , PMID 18476771 .
  7. ↑ Development of an anti-dengue NS1 IgG ELISA to evaluate exposure to dengue virus . In: Journal of Virological Methods . tape 257 , July 1, 2018, ISSN  0166-0934 , p. 48–57 , doi : 10.1016 / j.jviromet.2018.03.007 ( sciencedirect.com [accessed December 23, 2018]).
  8. ↑ H. Nishiura, SB Halstead: Natural history of dengue virus (DENV) -1 and DENV-4 infections: reanalysis of classic studies. In: The Journal of Infectious Diseases. Volume 195, Number 7, April 2007, pp. 1007-1013, doi : 10.1086 / 511825 , PMID 17330791 .
  9. ↑ Times of India : World's 1st dengue vaccine cleared for use in Mexico ( Memento of the original from May 26, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Retrieved May 26, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / timesofindia.indiatimes.com
  10. ↑ Pharmaceutical company warns of its own vaccine - the population of the Philippines is outraged In: nzz.ch, December 4, 2017, accessed on December 4, 2017.