Design for everyone

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Design for All (DfA) is a concept for the planning and design of products, services and infrastructures, with the aim of enabling everyone to use them without individual adaptation or special assistance. Specifically, this means solutions that are particularly user-friendly and also meet individual requirements, e.g. B. due to age or a disability, can be used. The concept takes into account that the design-for-all solutions are perceived by consumers as comfortable and attractive.

concept

Design for All describes a design process that aims to achieve accessibility, usability and experience for as many people as possible. This means that the built environment, products and services should be designed in such a way that they take into account the range of human abilities, skills, needs and preferences without stigmatizing users with special solutions . The idea of ​​design for everyone has its origins in both Scandinavian functionalism of the 1950s and ergonomic design of the 1960s. The concept of accessibility established in Germany originally referred to the equal participation of disabled people in social life and was only later extended to other target groups. The concept of Design for All, on the other hand, aims from the outset to include all potential users with regard to the design of our environment and participation in economic, social, cultural and leisure activities. In addition to design for everyone and accessibility, there are other concepts that pursue similar goals, such as universal design (USA, Japan) or inclusive design (UK). Design for All differs from these approaches by the additional consideration of the creation process (development process, user orientation and user involvement) and market orientation (design and sales).

criteria

Everyday products that are designed for everyone in terms of design should be characterized by the following criteria:

  • Ease of use: Design products in such a way that they can be used easily and safely
  • Adaptability: Develop products in such a way that different users can adapt them to their individual needs
  • User orientation: Consider users and their perspectives early on in the development process
  • Aesthetic quality: only attractive products can reach everyone
  • Market orientation: Positioning products broadly in order to optimally exploit the entire market potential.

Social context

Demographic change, in the form of z. B. steady aging of society due to declining birth rates and increasing life expectancy, leads to a changed profile of requirements for products, services and infrastructures in the industrialized nations. As society ages, the number of people with disabilities and permanent or temporary restrictions also increases. Design for All, however, does not only want to be an answer to a changing society, which also includes, for example, the increased mobility of the population, the immigration of new population groups with new requirement profiles, the increase in allergies and intolerances. Design for All would also like to offer solutions for the inclusion of so far neglected user groups. This also includes child-friendly applications, products for right and left-handers as well as products and applications aimed at women in the working world.

Application examples

Products

  • Flat plug that fits well behind furniture and can be easily levered out of the socket
  • salad spinner that can be used with one hand
  • Wine label with additional Braille text
  • Peeler can be used by right and left-handers
  • Games developed using Disability Game Studies

Services

  • accessible hotels

Infrastructures

  • contrasting sliding door
  • Low-floor bus

Politics and legislation

Germany

In contrast to the concept of accessibility, Design for All is not anchored in law in Germany. In Germany, accessibility is technically and functionally defined in state building regulations and standards (e.g. DIN 18040). Dimensions, inclinations, contrasts and the need to appeal to different senses are determined in order to ensure a barrier-free, i. H. to enable independent use of products or facilities. Aesthetic aspects of the design of a device to achieve accessibility do not play a role here. Design for All does not contradict the definition of accessibility, but also takes into account design and aesthetic aspects. Design for All also extends to products and environmental areas that are not affected by accessibility standards. Outside of the statutory area of ​​regulation and the norms, there are approaches in politics to implement Design for All, such as the Federal Government's National Action Plan for the implementation of the UN Disability Rights Convention from 2011. In the National Action Plan, the Federal Government undertakes to take suitable measures for design for all to seize. On this basis, in 2012 the Federal Ministry of Economics commissioned a study for German companies on the implementation of design for everyone in corporate practice.

European Union

According to the European Directive 2004/18 / EC, Design for All should also be taken into account in the procurement law of the individual member states. The EU Commission recommends introducing Design for All as a condition in public tenders.

Research and Teaching

In Europe, Design for All has not yet been taught as a fundamental planning science at any university. Seminars and workshops are carried out at universities or as part of research projects. The Berlin University of the Arts and the Academy for Design of the Münster Chamber of Crafts can be named as examples in Germany .

Actors and networks

The Competence Network Design for All - Germany eV (EDAD) brings together scientists and practitioners from different areas who deal with the topic of Design for All. EDAD is a member of the European network EIDD-Design for All Europe , whose member organizations are represented in 23 European countries. The Design for All Foundation , based in Barcelona, ​​Spain, promotes the topic of Design for All with a special focus on commercial enterprises. The European Concept for Accessibility Network (EuCAN) is a European network of experts based in Luxembourg that deals with the topic of accessibility and design for all.

Prizes / awards / labels

The Design for All Foundation , founded in Barcelona , has presented the international Design for All Foundation Award for Good Practices in the Implementation of Design for All annually since 2010 . The Central Association of Sanitary, Heating and Air - Conditioning (ZVSHK) has been presenting the Bathroom Comfort Product Award for generations for outstanding bathroom solutions in terms of design for everyone since 2013 . In 2014, the state of Brandenburg awarded the inclusion price for the first time for products in the areas of tourism, leisure, sport and culture that correspond to the concept of Design for All. The European Commission has been presenting the Access City Award annually since 2010 to European cities that have distinguished themselves through their particular virtuosity in creating accessibility to the built environment and public areas, transport and associated infrastructures, information and communication including new technologies, as well as public facilities and services for all . Design for All Italia is currently the only national design-for-all association in Europe to award a design-for-all label .

Publications

  • Aragall / Neumann / Sagramola: Design for everyone and tourism . ECA 2017, Berlin / Münster, 2017.
  • Aragall / Neumann / Sagramola: Successfully implementing design for everyone - from theory to practice . ECA 2013, Berlin / Münster, 2013.
  • Aragall / Neumann / Sagramola: ECA for administrations . Berlin / Münster 2008 ECA 2008, ECA 2013, ECA 2017 for download (European Concept for Accessibility).
  • Federal Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs BMAS (ed.): Our way into an inclusive society. The Federal Government's National Action Plan for the Implementation of the UN Disability Rights Convention . Rostock 2011.
  • IDZ: design for everyone . In: Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology / Federal Ministry of Family, Seniors, Women and Youth (ed.): Economic factor age . Fact sheet. April 3, 2010.
  • Klein-Luyten / Krauss / Meyer / Scheuer / Weller: Impetus for economic growth and employment through the orientation of companies and economic policy towards the concept of design for all . Expert opinion on behalf of the BMWi. 2009.
  • Neumann / Rebstock u. a. (Ed.): From accessibility to design for everyone - experiences from research and practice . Working reports of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Angewandte Geographie Münster eV, issue 38, Münster 2009.
  • Neumann / Knigge / Iffländer / Kesting: Development of action-guiding criteria for SMEs to take into account the concept of Design for All in corporate practice . Study on behalf of the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy. 2014.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ cf. Federal Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs BMAS (ed.), Our way into an inclusive society. The National Action Plan of the Federal Government for the Implementation of the UN Disability Rights Convention, Rostock 2011 and Peter Neumann u. a., From Accessibility to Design for All - An Introduction, from: Neumann / Rebstock / u. a. (Ed.), From Accessibility to Design for All - Experiences from Research and Practice, Working Reports of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Angewandte Geographie Münster eV, Issue 38, Münster 2009
  2. ↑ cf. European Institute Design for All in Germany eV (EDAD) / Fürst Donnersmark Stiftung zu Berlin (Ed.), ECA - European Concept for Accessibility, Münster 2005
  3. ↑ a b c Neumann / Knigge / Iffländer / Kesting, Development of action-guiding criteria for SMEs to take into account the concept of design for everyone in corporate practice. Study on behalf of the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (2014) Short version of the final report (PDF, 702kB) on BMWi.de
  4. ↑ a b see IDZ / SIBIS / RWI, Impetus for Economic Growth and Employment through Orientation of Companies and Economic Policy to the Design for All concept, report on behalf of the BMWi, 2009
  5. ^ The study by Neumann / Reuber (eds.), Economic impulses for barrier-free tourism for all. Long version of a study for the Federal Ministry of Economics, 2004, for the first time puts forward the thesis that a barrier-free environment is indispensable for approx. 10% of the population, necessary for 40% and comfortable for 100% of the population and that means a significant increase in quality of life.
  6. ↑ Federal Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs BMAS (ed.), Our way in an inclusive society. The National Action Plan of the Federal Government for the Implementation of the UN Disability Rights Convention, Rostock 2011
  7. ↑ The basis for turning away from the deficit-oriented approach was e.g. B. in the interdisciplinary DFG research project "sentha" (www.sentha.udk-berlin.de). Corresponding design concepts and user integration processes were also created here (cf. Karin Schmidt-Ruhland, Mathias Knigge, Achim Heine: Product design for an aging society in "sentha - senior-friendly technology in everyday domestic life" Ed. W. Friesdorf, A. Heine, Springer, Berlin 2007).
  8. ↑ Generation change - bathrooms of the future, UDK / EDAD / ZVSHK, Berlin 2013
  9. ↑ http://www.akademie-gestaltung.de
  10. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from April 22, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / designforall.org
  11. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from January 17, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.zvshk-award.com
  12. ↑ http://www.masf.brandenburg.de/cms/detail.php/bb1.c.346212.de
  13. ↑ http://ec.europa.eu/justice/discrimination/disabilities/award/index_en.htm
  14. ↑ http://www.dfaitalia.it/marchi