Decentralized concentration

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The decentralized concentration (also: point-axial system ) is an urban and spatial planning model. It is one of the foundations of the current spatial planning concept of the German federal government .

The model is a further development from Walter Christaller's system of central locations and tries to point out perspectives and ways to current problems of spatial development, in particular suburbanization .

In contrast to Christaller's central-axial concept, in which development focuses are in centers and along ( traffic ) axes, the focus of decentralized concentration is broader and includes not only the centers themselves, but also their periphery. The concept is aimed primarily at growth and metropolitan regions and provides a development framework for the city ​​in front of the city . The focus is on compact and mixed settlement development with differentiated specifications for the individual rings of the metropolitan region .

Large-scale decentralization is sought, while small-scale concentration is sought. In concrete terms, this means that, on the one hand, the excess meaning in the system of central locations should be prevented from concentrating on one or a few metropolises. Rather, numerous centers should be focal points for social and economic development. This requires a decentralized basic structure of the settlement system. On the other hand, settlement areas should not be dispersed over the land area, because this leads to uncontrolled urban sprawl and no synergy effects can be used when using infrastructure facilities . Rather, from a small-scale perspective, the structural uses and infrastructure facilities should still be primarily "concentrated" in central locations.

This should Suburbanisierungstrends channeled resulting infrastructure problems due to the urban growth limited and settlement fallow and urban sprawl be restricted.

literature

  • Hazel Evans (Ed.): New Towns: The British Experience . Wiley, New York 1972, ISBN 978-0470248805 .
  • Klaus Brake, Rainer Danielzyk, Martin Karsten: Decentralized concentration is a model with special challenges for intermunicipal cooperation . In: German Institute for Urban Studies (Hrsg.): Archive for communal sciences . 38th year, 1st half-year volume. Verlag W. Kohlhammer, 1999, ISSN  0003-9209 , pp. 89-103.