Ability to differentiate
The ability to differentiate is about the accuracy and fine-tuning of a movement . The muscles , ligaments and tendons provide kinesthetic information that can be used for motor movements depending on the situation. A good example is the feel for the ball. The interaction between the eye and the hand can also be mentioned when one leads a thread into a needle. There is a constant exchange of information about the current position (for example the hand), the necessary posture correction, the success of the correction and the further, then necessary movement. The more frequently such actions are trained, the closer the neural interconnection of the neurons involved in this process becomes . In order to throw a ball or stone in a targeted manner, the moment when the throwing hand lets go must be defined in the microsecond range . This time determination is far too short for the working speed of our nervous system ; it is assumed that this problem is overcome by connecting several thousand neurons in parallel . Then it becomes understandable that such a feat can only succeed if it has been practiced very often beforehand over a long period of time. This is the only way to achieve this parallel connection, which is necessary for accuracy, and to additionally involve other neurons in solving the problem.
Such actions require a fine-tuned interaction between several centers of the cerebrum and cerebellum . How complex this process is becomes clear when one follows the development of self-sufficient robots, which, without making any significant demands on the fluidity or elegance of a movement, are given the task of using an image processing system to identify an object in a three-dimensional coordinate system and then to grasp with a gripping tool. The program required for this uses a very powerful computer in the background.
Stereoscopic vision is absolutely necessary for this, the fields of vision of both eyes must overlap very far. To be able to convert such three-dimensional information about the affected object into precisely targeted movements, however, is not a privilege for humans. Examples are the flying skills of a dragonfly or the dexterity of an octopus, which can solve very demanding fine motor tasks with its eight arms.