Dirigism
Under statism refers to the complete central control of the whole economy by the State with the instrument of planned economy . Opposites are the laissez-faire of economic liberalism or the market economy .
General
The word arose as a loan word from "Steering, management, domination" ( French dirigisme ) and has a derogatory connotation , which has the striving for control , steering or guidance of societal , social or economic processes. In dirigism, the state, i.e. its government and public administration , systematically and permanently intervene in the market through a planned economy.
organization
The state takes measures that go beyond the design of the legal and economic framework conditions for economic activity ( regulatory policy ) and intervene in economic processes ( process policy ). It determines the availability of the production factors land , labor and capital . Land and the means of production are (largely) owned by the state , labor and capital are controlled by the central administration . A detailed planned economy ensures that price formation is influenced by price control ( minimum prices , maximum prices and production quotas ). An extensive bureaucracy ensures comprehensive controls, foreign trade is subject to trade restrictions (such as import quotas and export restrictions ), there are capital controls and foreign exchange management . Further examples are wage and price freezes, legally stipulated minimum wages , investment management or bureaucratic market regulations .
Demarcation
The delimitation of the concepts of statism and interventionism since the publication of Wilhelm Röpke clarified over the state interventionism from the year 1929th According to this, the term interventionism denotes the totality of economic policy measures within the framework of a market economy- oriented economic order, whereas the term dirigism denotes all measures within the framework of a planned economy. Dirigism and interventionism are economic policy instruments with which the state has the possibility of aligning the market with its national goals. Interventionism describes economic policy measures to influence global economic variables such as employment , income distribution , market shares or social security . In contrast to dirigism, with interventionism the state only intervenes selectively in the economic process through regulatory , financial , economic or structural policy .
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hans Schulz / Otto Basler, German Foreign Dictionary , Volume 4, 1999, p. 641
- ^ Gabler Verlag, Gabler Wirtschaftslexikon , Volume 2, 1984, Sp. 1078
- ^ Wilhelm Röpke, Staatsinterventionismus , in: Handwörterbuch der Staatswissenschaften, 1929, pp. 186 ff.