Ditheism
Ditheism (Greek: doctrine of two gods ) describes in Christian theology the view that there are two gods in two different beings . Ditheism is in contrast to the Trinity , which regards only one God with a divine nature in three persons.
Marcionism
A main exponent of this theology was the early Christian theologian Marcion , who worked in the 2nd century . After he was excluded from his congregation in 144, he founded his own church, which, however, was gradually supplanted by the consequent fight against it by the Roman church. His theories have only come down to us through antiheretical pamphlets, including those of Irenaeus and Tertullian .
According to Marcion, the existence of two gods can be inferred from the bipolarity of good and bad. The creator god Zebaoth is considered to be the evil god . As the good God he identifies the redeemer God who reveals himself modally in Christ .
For the Old Church, the dispute with Marcion had a strong consolidating effect: It promoted the creation of a Bible canon , the exegesis of the Old Testament as a reference to the New Testament .
Zealots
Ditheism is also a Zealot doctrine of penance , the head of which Hippolytus became the first antipope in history. The schism came when Pope Kalixt I issued a decree in 217 that allowed a second atonement for sins of a sexual nature, although until then fornication, murder and apostasy were considered unforgivable deadly sins .
The schism came to an end with the death of Hippolytus during his joint exile with Pope Pontianus in Sardinia .
literature
- Hermann Hagemann, Der Katholik: Journal for Catholic Science and Church Life , Volume 14, S.437 The Roman Church and its influence on discipline in dogma in the first three centuries.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Wissen.de: Ditheism
- ^ Karl Rahner / Herbert Vorgrimler: Small theological dictionary, Herder, Freiburg 1961, p. 73