Umbel Spurre

Umbel Spurre
	Dolden-Spurre ( Holosteum umbellatum )
Systematics
	Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order :	Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family :	Carnation family (Caryophyllaceae)
Subfamily :	Alsinoideae
Genre :	Spurre ( Holosteum )
Type :	Umbel Spurre
Scientific name
	Holosteum umbellatum
	L.

The umbellate spurre ( Holosteum umbellatum ) is a species of the carnation family (Caryophyllaceae).

description

The annual herbaceous plant reaches a height of about 3 to 25 cm. The leaves are bluish green. In the upper part of the stem , sometimes also as a whole, it is more or less densely covered with glandular hairs. The upper leaves are sessile, ovate with a blunt tip and about 1 to 1.5 cm long, the lower ones are more or less elongated.

The flowers are arranged like umbels, their stems turned back after they have withered. In the end, however, they straighten up again. The crown is white and often tinged with red. The petals are slightly longer than the calyx and finely serrated. The plant blooms early in March and April.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 20.

Systematics

The scientific name Holosteum umbellatum was first published in 1753 by Carl von Linné in Species Plantarum .

Herbarium evidence

Seeds

Dolden-Spurre ( Holosteum umbellatum )

Occurrence

General distribution

Holosteum umbellatum occurs from southern Scandinavia to the Mediterranean region and North Africa. It also penetrates from the Middle East to the East Indies and Siberia. It is a sub-Mediterranean floral element. It was also abducted to other parts of the world and is naturalized in North America, Argentina and South Africa .

Distribution in Central Europe

The Dolden-Spurre is quite common in the central and southern part of Germany. It is rare or absent in the northwest and northeast. It is also missing in the Alps, among others. In Austria the Dolden-Spurre occurs frequently in the Pannonian region , otherwise scattered or rarely. It is also endangered there in some areas. In Switzerland it can be found scattered in the warmer parts of the country.

Location claims and socialization

The Dolden-Spurre grows in fields and dunes, in patchy sandy lawns, on gravel roofs and on dams. It prefers summer-dry, more or less nutrient-rich, mostly low-lime, neutral-moderately acidic, humus-rich or loose, loamy or pure gravel and sand but also stone soils. It is a somewhat heat-loving sand pointer. In Central Europe it is a character species of the Sedo-Scleranthetea class, but also occurs in gappy societies of the Festuco-Brometea class or in Papaveretum argemones.

Systematics

One can distinguish the following subspecies:

Holosteum umbellatum L. subsp. umbellatum
Holosteum umbellatum subsp. glutinosum (M. Bieb.) Nyman
Holosteum umbellatum subsp. hirsutum (Mutel) Breistr. (Syn .: Holosteum breistrofferi Greuter & Charpin ): It occurs in France.
Holosteum umbellatum subsp. tenerrimum (Boiss.) Greuter & Burdet (Syn .: Holosteum tenerrimum Boiss. ): It occurs in Turkey.
Holosteum umbellatum subsp. viscosissimum (Čelak.) F. Dvořák , occurs only in Slovakia.

In addition, a special variety can be distinguished:

Holosteum umbellatum var. Parceglandulosum : She occurs u. a. in the Pannonian region of Austria

photos

Dolden-Spurre ( Holosteum umbellatum )
Bald stem leaves of Holosteum umbellatum var. Umbellatum
Inflorescence with bare pedicels and sepals of Holosteum umbellatum var. Umbellatum
Hairy stem leaves of Holosteum umbellatum var. Parceglandulosum
Inflorescence with glandular-haired pedicels and sepals of Holosteum umbellatum var. Parceglandulosum
Glandular hairs on the stem

swell

literature

Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (= The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria . Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland. Taking into account the border areas. Identification book for wild growing vascular plants . Founded by August Binz. 18th completely revised and expanded edition. Schwabe & Co., Basel 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4 .
Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . With the collaboration of Theo Müller. 6th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3 .
Konrad von Weihe (ed.): Illustrated flora. Germany and neighboring areas. Vascular cryptogams and flowering plants . Founded by August Garcke. 23rd edition. Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1972, ISBN 3-489-68034-0 .

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 379 .
↑ Carl von Linné: Species Plantarum. Volume 1, Lars Salvius, Stockholm 1753, p. 88, digitized .
^ Richard K. Rabeler, Ronald L. Hartman: Holosteum. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Volume 5: Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae, part 2 . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford a. a. 2005, ISBN 0-19-522211-3 , pp. 94-95 (English, online ).
^ ^A ^b Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 325 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Karol Marhold: Caryophyllaceae: Holosteum umbellatum . In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Berlin 2011, accessed on August 28, 2017.

Web links

Commons : Dolden-Spurre - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Umbel Spurre. In: FloraWeb.de.
Distribution map for Germany. In: Floraweb .
Holosteum umbellatum L. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora .
Distribution in the northern hemisphere from: Eric Hultén, Magnus Fries: Atlas of North European vascular plants. 1986, ISBN 3-87429-263-0 at Den virtuella floran. (swed.)
Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )

[Oberdorfer2001-1] Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 379 .

[SpPl-2] Carl von Linné: Species Plantarum. Volume 1, Lars Salvius, Stockholm 1753, p. 88, digitized .

[FNA-3] Richard K. Rabeler, Ronald L. Hartman: Holosteum. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Volume 5: Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae, part 2 . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford a. a. 2005, ISBN 0-19-522211-3 , pp. 94-95 (English, online ).

[EFÖLS-4] A ^b Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 325 .

[Euro+Med-5] Karol Marhold: Caryophyllaceae: Holosteum umbellatum . In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Berlin 2011, accessed on August 28, 2017.