Dordrechttief
Coordinates: 33 ° 25 ′ 12 ″ S , 101 ° 28 ′ 48 ″ E
The Dordrecht Deep ( English Dordrecht Deep or Dordrecht Hole ) is an approximately 7100 m deep sea depression in the Diamantina Fracture Zone in the southeast Indian basin of the Indian Ocean .
It is named after the ship Dordrecht the Dutch East India Company , which in 1619 under Frederick de Houtman explored the West Australian coast.
geography
Within the Southeast Indian Basin, the Dordrechttief lies over 1000 km west of the Australian city of Perth . It is located at about 33.4 ° south latitude and 101.5 ° east longitude . It lies in a fracture zone , has a size of about 80 × 95 km and consists of two depressions, of which the northern one contains the deepest point of about 7100 m depth.
Deepest point in the Diamantina Fracture Zone
In 2019, an expedition that wanted to use the Limiting Factor submersible to reach the deepest points of all oceans examined the area with a lander and a multi-fan echo sounder . Until then, the Diamantina Deep was the deepest point in the Indian Ocean at over 8000 m . The mapping indicated a maximum depth of the Diamantina Fracture Zone of 7019 m ± 17 m in the southern depression of the Dordrecht Depression ( 33 ° 37 ′ 52 ″ S , 101 ° 21 ′ 14 ″ E ). On the basis of the GEBCO _2014 global bathymetry dataset and the Global Multi-Resolution Topography Synthesis , the depth of the northern deepening of the Dordrecht Deep was calculated to be 7090 to 7100 m. At the location of the Diamantina Depth, the water depth is only 5300 m. Since then, the Dordrecht Deep has been considered the deepest part of the Diamantina Fracture Zone, and the Java Trench at 7290 m as the deepest part of the Indian Ocean.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Dordrecht Hole , Marine Gazetteer, accessed May 13, 2020.
- ↑ Elizabeth Truswell: A Memory of Ice . Australian National University Press, 2019, p. 41, doi: 10.22459 / MI.2019 , JSTOR j.ctvp7d5bt.9 .
- ↑ a b Heather A. Stewart, Alan J. Jamieson: The five deeps: The location and depth of the deepest place in each of the world's oceans . In: Earth-Science Reviews 197, October 2019, 102896, doi: 10.1016 / j.earscirev.2019.102896 .
- ↑ Ben Taub, Paolo Pellegrin: Thirty-six Thousand Feet Under the Sea: The explorers who set one of the last meaningful records on earth . In: The New Yorker , May 10, 2020.
- ↑ Heather Stewart, Alan Jamieson, Cassie Bongiovanni: Exploring the Deepest Points on Planet Earth: Report on The Five Deeps Expedition . www.hydro-international.com, June 18, 2019.