Three crosses (Kalvarienberg) Dinslaken
Coordinates: 51 ° 33 '27.7 ″ N , 6 ° 43 ′ 54.4 ″ E The Dinslaken Crucifixion Group (also The Three Crosses ) is one of the most important monuments in Dinslaken .
Location
The originals are now on the north side of the tower of the Catholic Church of St. Vincentius . Copies of it are in front of the Walsumer Tor and on Duisburger Strasse near the Evangelical Hospital.
layout
The originals of the crucifixion group date from 1501 and consist of Baumberger sandstone , a variant of the sand-lime stone . The crosses are T-shaped and have a height of 4.76 meters and 4.35 meters, respectively. The sculptures attached to it are about life size. The cross with the body of Christ grows out of a rock with a skull and bones. To the right and left are the crosses with the two thieves . The left thief turns his head to the cross of Christ, the right thief turns him away.
The crucifixion group is the work of a Wesel sculptor's workshop around 1500. It is stylistically similar to the work of the sculptor of Berendonk's Way of the Cross in front of the Xanten Cathedral . The inscription at the foot of the central cross reads “Renovat. Vote Et Sumptibus TDPD 1652 ".
history
Originally the crucifixion group stood in front of the walls of the city of Wesel on a small hill in front of a chapel. It was the end of a way of the cross . This way of the cross was donated in 1501 by the citizens of Wesel, who had previously undertaken an arduous pilgrimage to the Holy Land.
In the course of the Eighty Years' War , the Lower Rhine also became a secondary theater of war. In addition, the conversion of Gebhard I. von Waldburg, who had become evangelical , triggered the Truchsässian War . The city of Wesel was besieged in 1587 by the Spaniards under the leadership of the Duke of Parma .
In January 1588, the chapel at the crucifixion group was torn down on the grounds that the besiegers could throw a rampart . The crosses were transported to Dinslaken and were given a place in front of the Walsumer Tor.
In 1652 the crosses were renovated for the first time, which is suggested by the inscription at the foot of the central cross.
Pastor Everhardi (1672–1709), who wanted to prevent theological misinterpretations on the part of the evangelicals, had the following declaration carved on the base of the cross:
“THAT YOU SEE YOU HANGING ON THE CREUTS
IS CHRIST'S THOUGHT,
HE IS NIT THEM.
ANBIDDE STILL HOLT OFF STONE!
FOR CHRIST AND HIS Suffering,
direct your heart alone!
Renovat 1681 "
At the beginning of the 20th century, the head of Christ was renewed using French limestone. In front of the crucifixion group was a chapel with a Pietà , which was demolished during the renovation work carried out in 1954. The Pietà is now in the Church of St. Vincentius. In the course of time the "Three Crosses" were accepted as a raised mark in the cityscape. The crosses had to be restored several times.
To protect it from further deterioration, after its restoration in 1985 , the group was placed on the tower of the St. Vincentius Church and provided with a protective roof. Copies were made at the historical location .
literature
- Willi Dittgen : Art on the Lower Rhine. A guide to the cultural and art sites of the lower Lower Rhine . Carl Lange Verlag, Duisburg 1965.
- Rudolf Wesenberg and Albert Verbeek (eds.): The monuments of the Rhineland . 1st edition. 14th volume. Rhineland / Schwann, Düsseldorf 1968.
- Willi Dittgen: Stations. 550 years of the parish of St. Vincentius Dinslaken . In: Verein für Heimatpflege Land Dinslaken eV (Hrsg.): Dinslakener contributions to history and folklore . tape 15 . Dinslaken 1986.
- Willi Dittgen: Local calendar of the Wesel district . Boss Druck und Verlag, 1986, ISBN 3-922384-66-8 , ISSN 0173-797X .
- Bettina Schack: Original and replica: three crosses times two . In: Neue Rhein Zeitung . May 16, 2012 ( heimatverein-dinslaken.de ).
