Ground floor residence

A mansion at ground level is a site or ground monument and, together with the tower mounds ( Motten ) and the castle stables, forms a group of abandoned high or late medieval castles in archeology . In contrast to the Burgstall, the remainder of a mostly more complex and larger multi-part castle complex, the tower hill and the ground-level residence are rather one-part and sometimes very small, although there are exceptions. This type was introduced by Klaus Schwarz in 1955 in his publication The Prehistoric and Protohistoric Terrain Monuments of Upper Franconia . The facilities served as living quarters for administrators.

The one-storey residence is characterized by the fact that its fortified inner surface is not elevated compared to the fore area of the castle, unlike a tower hill. This type of castle is not to be confused with the castles, which are generally located on flat terrain and are known as low castles . The ground-level raised hide is usually the fortifications of a mountain spur or a steep slope in the form of smaller section fortifications, semicircular or ring-shaped fortifications on rock edges that are secured by a wall and / or a ditch . Björn-Uwe Abels was able to further differentiate the single-storey mansions by dividing this type of complex into mansions with only sections of fortification and into completely round or angular mansions on mountain heights or in flat terrain.

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Example of a one-storey residence, the Burgstall Ketschenstein . The level area at the castle site was separated from the forecourt by a semicircular ditch with an inner wall. The side opposite to the picture drops vertically over a rock edge.

Individual evidence

^ Andreas Boos : Castles in the south of the Upper Palatinate. The early and high medieval fortifications of the Regensburg area (= Regensburg studies and sources on cultural history . Volume 5). Universitätsverlag Regensburg, Regensburg 1998, ISBN 3-930480-03-4 , p. 53.
↑ Klaus Schwarz: The prehistoric and early historical terrain monuments of Upper Franconia (= material booklets on Bavarian prehistory . Series B, Volume 5). Michael Lassleben, Kallmünz 1955.
↑ One- storey residence on Landschaftsmuseum.de , accessed on December 30, 2014.
^ Björn-Uwe Abels: The prehistoric and prehistoric terrain monuments of Lower Franconia (= material booklets on Bavarian prehistory . Series B, Volume 6). Michael Lassleben, Kallmünz 1979, ISBN 3-7847-5306-X , pp. 47-48.

[1] Andreas Boos : Castles in the south of the Upper Palatinate. The early and high medieval fortifications of the Regensburg area (= Regensburg studies and sources on cultural history . Volume 5). Universitätsverlag Regensburg, Regensburg 1998, ISBN 3-930480-03-4 , p. 53.

[2] Klaus Schwarz: The prehistoric and early historical terrain monuments of Upper Franconia (= material booklets on Bavarian prehistory . Series B, Volume 5). Michael Lassleben, Kallmünz 1955.

[3] One- storey residence on Landschaftsmuseum.de , accessed on December 30, 2014.

[4] Björn-Uwe Abels: The prehistoric and prehistoric terrain monuments of Lower Franconia (= material booklets on Bavarian prehistory . Series B, Volume 6). Michael Lassleben, Kallmünz 1979, ISBN 3-7847-5306-X , pp. 47-48.