Ebola vaccine

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An Ebola vaccine is a vaccine against the Ebola virus .

commitment

Number of vaccinations with the rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine in Eastern Congo from 2018

Prior to 2014, various experimental vaccines were developed through vaccine design that, while protecting against infection with Ebola virus in animal experiments, were not approved for drugs . In the course of the Ebola fever epidemic from 2014 to 2016 , the approval procedures for various Ebola vaccines and drugs were accelerated.

The World Health Organization wrote in a statement that in the course of the Ebola virus epidemic in 2014, it was ethically acceptable to use preventive or therapeutic drugs without proof of effectiveness in humans, if promising results could be shown in animal experiments.

During the Ebola virus epidemic from 2018 to 2020 in the east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo , a large-scale vaccination campaign began on August 8, 2018 . Since the start of this campaign (as of December 18, 2018) 49,940 people have been given the Ebola vaccine, including 19,120 in the city of Beni alone . According to the decision of an ethics committee, only the rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine from MSD is used . According to accompanying studies, the vaccine proved to be highly effective and was the first vaccine worldwide to be approved under reserve in Europe in November 2019.

cAd3-ZEBOV

The vaccine candidate cAd3-ZEBOV is a replication-competent chimpanzee adenovirus that also encodes the glycoprotein (GP) of the Zaire Ebola virus.

VSV-EBOV

The vaccine candidate VSV-EBOV is based on the Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and also encodes the glycoprotein of the Zaire Ebola virus.

Advac and MVA-BN

A combination vaccination consisting of two vaccine candidates (based on adenoviruses and vaccinia viruses ) was developed by Janssen Pharmaceutica , a subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson , in collaboration with Bavarian Nordic .

Triazoverine

The Russian Ministry of Health has announced clinical trials for a vaccine candidate for 2015.

EBOV GP

The Novavax company is developing a protein vaccine with an adjuvant .

Nasal vaccine

The University of Texas-Austin is investigating a vaccine candidate based on the adenovirus that is administered nasally.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ JS Richardson, JD Dekker, MA Croyle, GP Kobinger: Recent advances in Ebolavirus vaccine development Archived from the original on October 22, 2014. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Human Vaccines (open access) . 6, No. 6, June 2010, pp. 439-49. doi : 10.4161 / hv.6.6.11097 . PMID 20671437 . @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.landesbioscience.com
  2. ↑ T. Hoenen, A. Groseth, H. Feldmann: Current Ebola vaccines . In: Expert Opin Biol Ther . 12, No. 7, July 2012, pp. 859-872. doi : 10.1517 / 14712598.2012.685152 . PMID 22559078 . PMC 3422127 (free full text).
  3. ^ AT Peterson, JT Bauer, JN Mills: Ecologic and Geographic Distribution of Filovirus Disease . In: Emerging Infectious Diseases . 10, No. 1, 2004, pp. 40-47. doi : 10.3201 / eid1001.030125 . PMID 15078595 . PMC 3322747 (free full text).
  4. ↑ H. Fausther-Bovendo, S. Mulangu, NJ Sullivan: Ebolavirus vaccines for humans and apes . In: Curr Opin Virol . 2, No. 3, June 2012, pp. 324-29. doi : 10.1016 / j.coviro.2012.04.003 . PMID 22560007 . PMC 3397659 (free full text).
  5. ^ CL Cooper, S. Bavari: A race for an Ebola vaccine: promises and obstacles. In: Trends in microbiology. [Electronic publication before printing] December 2014, ISSN  1878-4380 , doi : 10.1016 / j.tim.2014.12.005 , PMID 25535021 .
  6. ↑ L. Ye, C. Yang: Development of vaccines for prevention of Ebola virus infection. In: Microbes and infection / Institut Pasteur. [Electronic publication before printing] December 2014, ISSN  1769-714X , doi : 10.1016 / j.micinf.2014.12.004 , PMID 25526819 .
  7. ↑ WHO - Ethical considerations for use of unregistered interventions for Ebola virus disease . Retrieved October 8, 2014.
  8. ↑ situation epidemiologique dans les provinces du Nord Kivu et de l'Ituri. Dr. Oly Ilunga Kalenga , Ministre de la Santé, December 20, 2018, accessed December 20, 2018 (French).
  9. ↑ Daniela Hüttemann: Ebola vaccination seems to be highly effective. In: Pharmaceutical newspaper . April 24, 2019, accessed April 30, 2019 .
  10. ↑ dpa / jb: EU approval for Ebola vaccine Ervebo. November 12, 2019, accessed November 12, 2019 .
  11. ^ Ebola: New vaccine trial begins . January 6, 2015. 
  12. ^ Johnson & Johnson Announces Major Commitment to Speed ​​Ebola Vaccine Development and Significantly Expand Production . Johnson & Johnson. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  13. ↑ Ebola crisis: Vaccine 'too late' for outbreak . In: BBC News . October 17, 2014. Retrieved January 14, 2015.
  14. ↑ 70-90% efficiency: Russia to send Ebola vaccine to W. Africa in 2 months . In: RT.com . October 13, 2014. Retrieved January 14, 2015.
  15. ↑ Russian Scientists Develop New Vaccine to Fight Ebola Virus . In: The Moscow Times . August 27, 2014. Archived from the original on October 20, 2014. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 14, 2015. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.themoscowtimes.com
  16. ↑ Novavax : Novavax Announces Ebola Vaccine Development Program at the 8th Vaccine and ISV Conference in Philadelphia . October 27, 2014. Archived from the original on October 29, 2014. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 28, 2014. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.novavax.com
  17. ↑ Todd Ackerman: UT nasal spray vaccine for Ebola effective in monkeys . In: Houston Chronicle , November 5, 2014. Retrieved November 13, 2014. 
  18. ↑ JH Choi, K. Jonsson-Schmunk, X. Qiu, DJ Shedlock, J. Strong, JX Xu, KL Michie, J. Audet, L. Fernando, MJ Myers, D. Weiner, I. Bajrovic, LQ Tran, G Wong, A. Bello, GP Kobinger, SC Schafer, MA Croyle: A Single Dose Respiratory Recombinant Adenovirus-Based Vaccine Provides Long-Term Protection for Non-Human Primates from Lethal Ebola Infection. In: Molecular Pharmaceutics . [electronic publication before printing] November 2014, ISSN  1543-8392 , doi : 10.1021 / mp500646d , PMID 25363619 .