Discocactus heptacanthus
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Discocactus heptacanthus |
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| ( Barb. Rodr. ) Britton & Rose |
Discocactus heptacanthus is a species of the genus Discocactus in the cactus family(Cactaceae). The specific epithet describes seven thorns per areole.
description
Discocactus heptacanthus grows individually, with light green to light gray, flattened spherical to spherical bodies that reach a stature height of 3 to 7.5 centimeters and a diameter of 10 to 15 centimeters. There are 10 to 22 up to 2 centimeters high ribs , which are occasionally arranged in a spiral. Sometimes the ribs consist of rounded humps with a deep furrow between them. The 5 to 11 strong, roughened, sometimes with vertical furrows, yellowish-brown thorns turn gray with age. They are often somewhat flattened, sometimes needle-shaped and 1 to 3 centimeters long. The cephalium , formed from whitish to gray wool and brownish, 3 to 5 centimeters long bristles , is 3 to 4 centimeters high and reaches a diameter of 2.5 to 4.5 centimeters.
The funnel-shaped flowers are up to 6.5 centimeters long and have a diameter of 5 centimeters. The club-shaped white fruits are tinged with greenish pink. With a diameter of 6 millimeters, they can be up to 28 millimeters long.
Distribution, systematics and endangerment
Discocactus heptacanthus is common in Brazil , Paraguay and eastern Bolivia . The first description as Malacocarpus heptacanthus was in 1898 by João Barbosa Rodrigues . Nathaniel Lord Britton and Joseph Nelson Rose placed them in the genus Discocactus in 1922 .
There are three subspecies:
subsp. heptacanthus (at Cuiaba and widespread Mato Grosso)
subsp. melanochlorus (Buining & Brederoo) PJ Braun & Esteves (Chapada dos Guimaraes)
subsp. goiasensis PJ Brown (Goiás)
In Anderson (2005) the subspecies are subsp. heptacanthus , subsp. catingicola and subsp. magnimammus distinguished. Magnimammus is now listed under Discocactus hartmannii . In the 1980s and 1990s, various, mainly newly described species were referred to the synonymy of Discocactus heptacanthus without further justification . This extreme "lumping" has not caught on. In the meantime, various species that are sometimes used as synonyms are recognized again and z. B. also increasingly listed separately in the IUCN Red List. Not to heptacanthus Discocactus include
Discocactus boliviensis , Discocactus cangaensis , Discocactus catingicola , Discocactus cephaliaciculosus , Discocactus crassispinus , Discocactus diersianus , estevesii Discocactus , Discocactus hartmannii (ssp. Magnimammus) , Discocactus Lindanus , pachythele Discocactus , piauiensis Discocactus , Discocactus prominentigibbus , silicicola Discocactus , Discocactus squamibaccatus , Discocactus subterraneo- proliferans .
Discocactus heptacanthus is listed in Appendix I of the Washington Convention on Endangered Species . In the Red List of Threatened Species of IUCN is the species as " Near Threatened (NT)", d. H. listed as low risk. The subspecies (now recognized as a species) Discocactus heptacanthus subsp. catingicola was named " Vulnerable (VU) " in 2002 . H. endangered, led. After the revision of the list in 2013, the subspecies is recognized as the species Discocactus catingicola and as " Least Concern (LC) ", i. H. listed as not endangered.
Discocactus boliviensis Backeberg, from the type location, Bolivia
Discocactus cangaensis Diers & Esteves, at the type location , Goias
Discocactus catingicola Buin. & Bred., Bahia
Discocactus cephaliaciculosus Buin. & Bred. ex PJBraun & Esteves, Goias
Discocactus crassispinus PJBraun & Esteves, at the type location, Goias
Discocactus estevesii L.Diers, at the type site, Goias
Discocactus hartmannii ssp. giganteus PJBraun & Esteves, at the type site, Mato Grosso do Sul
Discocactus diersianus Esteves, from the type site, Goias
Discocactus lindanus Diers & Esteves, Goias
Discocactus pachythele Buin. & Bred., Mato Grosso do Sul
Discocactus piauiensis PJBraun & Esteves, at the type location, Piaui
Discocactus prominentigibbus Diers & Esteves, at the type location, Tocantins
Discocactus silicicola Buin. & Bred., Offspring from type location, Mato Grosso do Sul
Discocactus silicicola Buin. & Bred., Plant with fruit of the type location, Mato Grosso do Sul
Discocactus squamibaccatus Buin. & Bred., Goias
Discocactus subterraneo-proliferans L Diers & Esteves, probably extinct, type location 1973, Goias
Discocactus subterraneo-proliferans L. Diers & Esteves, at the type site, with typical shoot formation
proof
literature
- Edward F. Anderson : The Great Cactus Lexicon . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 180-181 .
- NL Britton , JN Rose : The Cactaceae. Descriptions and Illustrations of Plants of the Cactus Family . tape IV . The Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington 1923, p. 218 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Plantae Mattogrossenses, or Relacao de Plantes Novas . 1898, p. 29.
- ↑ The Cactaceae . Volume 3, 1922, p. 218.
- ↑ Braun, PJ (2019): Discocactus heptacanthus ssp. goiasensis (Cactaceae) - a new clan from Goiás, central Brazil. - cact. and. Sukk. 70 (11): 341-348.
- ↑ Braun, PJ (2017): The cacti native to Mato Grosso do Sul. - cact. and. Sukk. 68 (3): 65-70.
- ↑ Braun, PJ (2017): An annotated list of species of the Cactaceae from Mato Grosso do Sul: Kugelkakteen. - cact. and. Sukk. 68 (6): 149-156.
- ↑ Discocactus heptacanthus in the Red List of Threatened Species of the IUCN 2013.2. Posted by: Braun, P., 2010. Retrieved February 23, 2014.
- ↑ Discocactus catingicola in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013.2. Posted by: Machado, M., Braun, P., Taylor, NP & Zappi, D., 2010. Retrieved February 23, 2014.
