Echium creticum
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Echium creticum subsp. creticum |
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| Echium creticum | ||||||||||||
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Echium creticum is a type of plant from the genus of the adder heads ( Echium ) inthe predatory leaf family (Boraginaceae). The species is absent on Crete , but is erroneously named after this island.
description
Echium creticum is an upright, biennial plant that develops a single to multiple flower-bearing stems . It reaches heights of growth of 25 to 90 cm. The stem has two-shaped hairs made up of stiff, protruding bristles that are thickened at the base and many short, close-fitting hairs. The basal leaves and the lower stem leaves are 60 to 180 mm long and 10 to 15 mm wide. Their shape is narrow, off-lanceolate. They are sparsely to densely hairy with protruding bristles. The stem leaves are usually narrowly elliptical to elongated.
The inflorescence is a panicle-like thyrse with loosely upright coils at the time of fruiting . The calyx tips are linear to linear-lanceolate and 7 to 9 mm long at the time of flowering and lengthen to up to 12 mm when the fruit is ripe. The crown is 15 to 30 (to 40) mm long, funnel-shaped and clearly zygomorphic ; their color is reddish purple or bluish purple or initially pink and carmine red and later blue. It is densely short-haired on the outside with longer hair along the nerves and on the corolla lobes. One or two stamens protrude from the crown, the stamens are sparsely hairy or hairless.
The flowering period extends from February to July.
Occurrence
Echium creticum occurs in the western Mediterranean region (Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Spain, Portugal, southern France, Corsica, Sardinia), but is absent in the Balearic Islands. It grows in weed, ruderal and roadside vegetation, on fallow land, slopes and meadows, on ditches and roadsides up to altitudes of around 1000 meters.
Systematics
Echium creticum was first published in 1753 by Carl von Linné in Species Plantarum . It is divided into three subspecies:
- Echium creticum L. subsp. creticum :
- The crown is (17 to) 20 to 35 (to 40) mm long and red to reddish purple in color and glabrous on the inside. The stamens are loosely hairy. The plant is silky and has yellowish hairs. The distribution area of this subspecies largely coincides with that of the species; on the Iberian Peninsula, however, it occurs only in the northeast in the province of Gerona. It prefers lime-poor soils. The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.
- Echium creticum subsp. coincyanum (Lacaita) R.Fernandes (Syn .: Echium creticum . subsp algarbiense R.Fernandes ):
- The crown is 15 to 25 (to 30) mm long and blue-violet to reddish in color and bare inside. The stamens are very loosely hairy or glabrous. The plant is bristly and whitish hairy. This subspecies represents the species on the Iberian Peninsula and is rarely found in northern Morocco. It was reported from Sardinia as next to the other subspecies, but also occurring at higher altitudes. It prefers alkaline soils on limestone, marl and gypsum. This subspecies is diploid with 2n = 16 chromosomes.
- Echium creticum subsp. sauvagei (R. Fernandes) Valdés :
- The crown is blue-violet and long hairy inside along the nerves. The stamens are dense and hairy long. The plant is silky and has yellowish hairs. This subspecies is endemic to northern Morocco.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Benito Valdés: Echium L. In: Santiago Castroviejo, C. Andrés, M. Arista, MP Fernández Piedra, MJ Gallego, PL Ortiz, C. Romero Zarco, FJ Salgueiro, S. Silvestre, Alejandro Quintanar (Ed.): Flora Ibérica. Plantas Vasculares de la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares. Vol. XI. Gentianaceae - Boraginaceae . Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Madrid 2012, ISBN 978-84-00-09415-7 , p. 427-428 ( floraiberica.es [PDF]).
- ↑ a b PE Gibbs: Echium. In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Volume 3: Diapensiaceae to Myoporaceae . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1972, ISBN 0-521-08489-X , pp. 99 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search).
- ↑ Werner Greuter, Hervé-Maurice Burdet, Guy Long (eds.): Med-Checklist. A critical inventory of vascular plants of the circum-Mediterranean countries . Vol. 4: Dicotyledones (Lauraceae - Rhamnaceae) . Conservatoire et Jardin Botanique, Genève 1989, ISBN 2-8277-0154-5 . ( Entry for Echium creticum ).
- ↑ Carl von Linné: Species Plantarum. Volume 1, Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae 1753, p. 139, digitized
- ↑ Echium creticum subsp. creticum at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ a b Benito Valdés: Notas sobre el género Echium L. In: Lagascalia. Volume 27, 2007, pp. 53–71, PDF ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .
- ^ Franca Valsecchi: Contributo alla conoscenza del genere Echium: I - Echium della Sardegna. In: Webbia. Volume 32, No. 1, 1977, pp. 101-127.
