Eichertor

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The Eichertor from the outside (seen from Eich)
The Eichertor seen from the city in the direction of Eich. In the background the "red bridge" ( Grand Duchess Charlotte Bridge )
Ditch and remains of the ravelin. These were dug up again in the 1990s after the fortress of Luxembourg was razed (from 1867)
Fortress plan 1794, in the north the two Vauban towers (designated in the plan as No. 55 and No. 56)

The Eichertor ( lux . : Eecherpaart ; French : Porte d'Eich , abbreviation: P. d'E ) is now a habitable gate tower and was part of the former fortress of Luxembourg Fortress . The gate stands on the left bank of the Alzette (seen from the fortress), in the north of the former fortress, and was through a wall (with rifle slots and ditch) and is with a bridge ( Béinchen ) with the infirmary (lux .: Sichepaart ; French: Porte des Bons-Malades ) connected in the northeast.

There was a gate with a tower here as early as the Middle Ages, which was also known as the Eichertor and which regulated access to Luxembourg City.

Surname

The name of the existing and existing gates comes from the former independent village and now part of Luxembourg, Eich , in the north.

The two gate towers still visible today and the connecting wall / bridge were built in 1684/1685 according to plans by Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban ( France ), who wanted to include part of the Pfaffenthal in the fortress of Luxembourg to protect it. That is why these two gate towers are also known as the Vauban towers .

function

The Eichertor in the Vauban design had a drawbridge that could be folded up in the event of danger. The drawbridge consisted of a fixed and a movable part, which bridged the moat in front of it. If the drawbridge was folded up, the passage of the gate tower was completely covered. The drawbridge was moved using a hand crank, gear wheels and counterweights in the bridge basement.

On the first floor there was a living area with camp beds for the guards. The gate tower was constantly manned. 1743 built Austrian right outside the gate a Wall Shield ( Ravelin ) with moat in the razing was partially destroyed and filled in or covered up the fortress Luxembourg from 1867 (1872). By Wall Shield the gate tower should be better protected. The ravelin was partially reconstructed in the late 20th century and the filled-in trenches were exposed.

The Eichertor not only regulated and monitored access to the Luxembourg fortress, but was also intended to prevent soldiers from deserting the fortress .

The tower is inhabited today. Rue Laurent Menager runs through the Eichertor .

UNESCO World Heritage Site

Since 1994, the stand legs and the Vauban towers along with the other remains of the former fortress of Luxembourg on the UNESCO list of world cultural heritage .

Movie

  • Vauban - builder and general. Docu-drama , France, Luxembourg, 2011, 85 min., Script and director: Pascal Cuissot, production: arte France, Le Miroir, Mélusine, German first broadcast: March 10, 2012 on arte, film information from arte.

Web links

Commons : Eichertor  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Pair in the sense of: gate, gate, city gate (outdated according to the Luxembourg dictionary (LWF) , website of the University of Luxembourg).
  2. ↑ Tours Vauban: Les portes d'Eich et des Bons Malades et le mur Vauban. , Website: ssmn.public.lu.
  3. ↑ a b Information on the information boards at the Eichertor and the Ravelin.
  4. ↑ See also: Treaty of London 1867 .
  5. ↑ The tall, slender chimney on the nearby river bank is not part of the fortifications, but a remnant of a pumping station (1876) that pumped spring water from the valley floor into the upper town.
  6. ↑ Vauban circular route on the trail of the fortress builder. From the Bockfelsen to the Kirchberg , website: www.luxembourg-city.com, p. 5.

Coordinates: 49 ° 36 '59 "  N , 6 ° 7' 51.53"  E