Jednotné zemědělské družstvo
Jednotné zemědělské družstvo (Slovakian Jednotné roľnícke družstvo , German Unified Agricultural Cooperative , JZD or JRD for short ) was the name for agricultural cooperatives in socialist Czechoslovakia , which were created in the course of forced collectivization . The JZD are comparable to the agricultural production cooperatives (LPG) in the GDR .
After the seizure of power in 1948, the so-called February revolution , the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (KPČ) immediately began the gradual collectivization of all farms. Initially, only farms over 50 hectares were to be nationalized, but smaller farmers were actually also affected. In 1949 the JZD was brought into being by law. Through expropriations, forced leases and high taxes, farmers were forced to give up their businesses and the cooperatives were expanded. As in other communist countries, this was justified with an increase in productivity through larger arable land. The propaganda was directed against allegedly harmful large farmers who were called kulaks . In reality, there was often mismanagement in the JZD. The destruction of the near-natural, small-scale structures and the massive use of chemicals resulted in severe environmental damage.
Web links
- The collectivization of agriculture - one of the most serious crimes of the communist regime Report by Radio Praha
Individual evidence
- ↑ Pavel Žáček et al. Czechoslovakia 1945/48 to 1989. Studies on communist rule and repression. Leipzig 2008. p. 31
- ↑ Jakub Šiška: The collectivization of agriculture - one of the most serious crimes of the communist regime Report from Radio Praha from September 12, 2009, accessed on June 7, 2020.