Bakov nad Jizerou
| Bakov nad Jizerou | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
|
||||
| Region : | Středočeský kraj | ||||
| District : | Mladá Boleslav | ||||
| Area : | 2701 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 29 ′ N , 14 ° 56 ′ E | ||||
| Height: | 223 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 5,156 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 294 01 | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Railway connection: |
Bakov – Jiříkov Praha – Turnov Kopidlno – Bakov nad Jizerou |
||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 13 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Jiří Hieke (as of 2006) | ||||
| Address: | Mírové náměstí 208 29401 Bakov nad Jizerou |
||||
| Municipality number: | 535427 | ||||
| Website : | www.bakovnj.cz | ||||
Bakov nad Jizerou (German oven on the Iser ) is a town in the okres Mladá Boleslav in the Czech Republic . It has 4498 inhabitants (2005).
history
prehistory
The swampy and regularly flooded valley of the Jizera was only sparsely populated in prehistoric times . The exception was the Bronze Age Lusatian culture . In 1922 a burial ground was discovered in the village of Malá Bělá on the western side of the river, which, with 173 preserved graves, is one of the largest sites of this culture in the Czech Republic.
middle Ages
The settlement on the east side of the river was established during the inland colonization in the 13th century and belonged to the lands of the neighboring Cistercian monastery of Hradiště . The first written mention comes from 1345, when the monks handed over some villages to the Lords of Zvířetic . In the act of Bakov is referred to as a town already, but the town charter dates only from 1497, as ze Hašek Zvířetic by King Vladislav II. A market privilege was given. Nevertheless, the place remained a farming community. The main source of income for the population was agriculture, and river fishing is also documented. Pottery has been documented as the strongest craftsmen's guild since the 16th century. In 1590 Bakov was granted the privilege of brewing beer and trading in salt, and in 1612 the city was exempted from stately taxes and labor .
Modern times
In 1623 the Waldstein family took power. In the following years there was an economic decline of the place. On the one hand, regardless of the applicable privileges, the new rule re-established the old obligations for monetary and in-kind contributions and compulsory labor. Bakov only regained the rights at the end of the 17th century. On the other hand, the area was badly affected by the destruction of the Thirty Years War : in 1639/40 the Swedes tore down all three river bridges, and in 1643 the city burned down completely.
In addition to city fires and epidemics, Bakov especially had to deal with floods . As early as 1753, the community tried to relocate the river bed of the Jizera in order to alleviate the regularly catastrophic and often life-threatening consequences of the floods, albeit with moderate success. Further larger regulations in the municipality took place in 1830 and 1845. Nevertheless, the river overflows to this day. The last major flood that reached the built-up urban area occurred in March 2000.
The weaving of reeds was of particular economic importance in modern times . The trade was brought to the town by the Capuchins , who had maintained a religious house in neighboring Mnichovo Hradiště since 1690 . Until 1914 there was a trade school for girls in Bakov, where they could learn how to make bags, shoes, hats and other items from cane.
Personalities
- The baroque composer Jiří Ignác Linka (January 21, 1725– December 30, 1791) worked as a cantor in Bakov.
The writers
- Rudolf Jaroslav Kronbauer (June 17, 1884– March 25, 1915)
- František Horčička-Havíř (born January 16, 1894)
- Karel Sellner (October 23, 1873– February 25, 1955)
- Alois Havel (born January 4, 1901 in Podhradí u Jičína)
- Jaroslav Podobský (April 22, 1895– September 28, 1962)
worked here.
- The sculptor Jan Hájek (May 16, 1745– August 26, 1880) had his studio here, as did the one
- Painter Otakar Livory (1914–1997).
Attractions
- In the 16th century, the gentlemen expanded the Gothic church of St. Bartholomew - built in 1384.
- In summer, the town is a good starting point for hiking in the Český ráj .
- The Zvířetice Castle is nearby.
Districts
Bakov nad Jizerou includes the districts Bakov nad Jizerou, Brejlov, Buda, Horka, Chudoplesy, Klokočka , Malá Bělá, Malý Rečkov, Podhradí, Studénka, Velký Rečkov, Zájezdy and Zvířetice.
literature
- Vladimír Bednář: Bakov nad Jizerou v zrcadle staletí . Bakov nad Jizerou 1997.
Web links
- Official Website (CZ)