Hradiště Monastery
| Cistercian Abbey of Hradiště | |
|---|---|
| location |
 Czech Republic Bohemia
|
| Coordinates: | 50 ° 31 '27 " N , 14 ° 56' 48" E |
| Serial number according to Janauschek |
448 |
| founding year | 1144 ? |
| Year of dissolution / annulment |
1420 |
| Mother monastery | Plasy Monastery |
|
Daughter monasteries |
no |
The Hradiště Monastery (also Hradiště nad Jizerou Monastery , German Hradish ) was a Cistercian monastery in Klášter Hradiště nad Jizerou in the Okres Mladá Boleslav , Czech Republic .
history
The Cistercians are said to have taken over an older Benedictine settlement in Hradiště ; this is considered controversial. The Cistercian monastery was built in 1145 or 1177. Both dates are mentioned in the Cistercian annals and in the chronicle of the Plasy Tilia Plassensis . It was a subsidiary of the Plasy Monastery from the filiation of the Morimond Primary Abbey through the Ebrach Monastery and Langheim Monastery line . It is believed that the monastery was founded by a member of the aristocratic family of the Markwartinger . An abbot Thidricus is documented for the year 1184. The property grew in the High Middle Ages mainly through the promotion of inland colonization. From the 13th century a number of settlements emerged in the area, the founding of which is attributed to the influence of the monastery. At the beginning of the 15th century, Klášter Hradiště had grown into one of the most powerful manors in north-east Bohemia. In a land register dating from around 1400, 112 villages and farms are listed that belonged to the monastery. The beginning of the 15th century marked the climax of the monastery's economic power, at the same time the morality of the order declined. The monks tried to persuade the population to donate by simulating miraculous signs. 1404–1405 a complaint was received by the Archbishop of Prague. The investigative commission also included the Bohemian reformer Jan Hus , who in his report condemned the fraudulent machinations of the monks of Hradiště. At the beginning of the Hussite Wars , the monastery was captured and burned down by the Orebites on April 30, 1420 . The monks fled to the Bezděz castle . The rock monastery was never rebuilt, the property split up and resold several times; the monastery was not renewed. In 1556, Jiří von Labouň acquired the monastery rule and had a castle built in place of the monastery. In 1852 a brewery was built in place of the castle, which was rebuilt after a fire in 1869; In 1921 the ruins of the monastery church were largely demolished.
Buildings and plant
The monastery was - built on a mountain (see. - unusual for a Cistercian conditioning Disibodenberg , Wörschweiler Abbey ), the non-north everywhere steeply. In the north - possibly on the site of an older building - is today's parish church from 1560. The monumental main portal of the monastery church, which is dated to around 1230, is located south of it. It has Gothic forms with plant ornamentation. Another portal attributed to the same master is set into the north wall of the parish church. The monastery church was 75 m long; only small remains of it have survived. Under the choir in the east there is a two-aisled room that compensated for the slope. Only the north wall of the choir with a Romanesque arched window is preserved, to the south side of which newer residential buildings were added. The novel for the Českomoravská space chorus was a rectangular ambulatory similar to convent George Thal , Riddagshausen Abbey , Kloster Ebrach , in Lilienfeld or in Dore Abbey (England); this should u. a. go back to the model of the second monastery church in Morimond monastery . The transept protruded from the choir by only one yoke on both sides; part of the east wall of the north arm with a round arched window has been preserved. The nave had six bays in both the nave and the aisles; the elevation can no longer be determined. The enclosure was to the right of the church (in the south).
literature
- Jiří Kuthan: The medieval architecture of the Cistercians in Bohemia and Moravia. Deutscher Kunstverlag Munich, Berlin 1982, pp. 45 ff., ISBN 3-422-00738-5 ;
- Petr Sommer, Jiří Waldhauser: Nová etapa archeologického výzkumu opatského chrámu cisterciáckého kláštera Hradiště nad Jizerou (1995 to 1999). In: Charvátová, Kateřina (ed.): 900 let cisterciáckého řádu: Sborník z konference konané 28.-29. 9. 1998 v Břevnovském klášteře v Praze. Unicornis, Praha, 2000, ISBN 80-901587-7-3 ; Pp. 47-62
