Dobrovice

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dobrovice
Dobrovice coat of arms
Dobrovice (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Středočeský kraj
District : Mladá Boleslav
Area : 2463 ha
Geographic location : 50 ° 22 '  N , 14 ° 58'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 21 '59 "  N , 14 ° 57' 53"  E
Height: 247  m nm
Residents : 3,394 (Jan 1, 2019)
Postal code : 294 41 - 294 46
traffic
Street: Mladá Boleslav - Charvatce
Railway connection: Nymburk – Mladá Boleslav
structure
Status: city
Districts: 8th
administration
Mayor : Tomáš Sedláček (as of 2020)
Address: Palackého náměstí 28
294 41 Dobrovice
Municipality number: 535672
Website : www.dobrovice.cz

Dobrovice (German Dobrowitz , formerly Dobrawitz ) is a city in the Czech Republic . It is located six kilometers southwest of the city center of Mladá Boleslav and belongs to the Okres Mladá Boleslav .

geography

Dobrovice, market square

Dobrovice is located in Central Bohemia on the edge of the Chlum Nature Park. The town is located on the Viničný hill (240 m), in the headwaters of the Vinařický potok. There are several ponds on the south-eastern outskirts, of which the Herždén is the largest. To the west of the city runs the Nymburk – Mladá Boleslav railway line , on which the station of the same name is located two and a half kilometers southwest of Dobrovice in the open air. The local railway Dětenice –Dobrovice, which previously ran from the east into the city, has been closed.

Neighboring towns are Bojetice in the north, Týnec in the northeast, Úherce in the east, Pěčice in the southeast, Kosořice and Voděrady in the south, Němčice and Libichov in the southwest, Sýčina in the west and Černovna and Vinařice in the northwest.

history

The first written mention of Dobroviczevez was in 1249 as the property of the Prague bailiff Mstidruh von Dobroviceves. He was the ancestor of the Chlumský family of Chlum. The Chlumský held the rule until 1545. They were followed by the Budovec von Budov and from 1551 Anna von Wartenberg . She married Heinrich von Waldstein in 1558 and brought her goods into the marriage. Under Heinrich von Waldstein, the expansion of the village began to become the residence of the Dobrowitz line of the Waldsteiners. He raised Dobrovice to town in 1558 and had the Chlumský fortress rebuilt into a castle between 1558 and 1578.

After Heinrich's death in 1579 his son Wilhelm Vok inherited the property. He died in 1593. His heir was the underage Henning von Waldstein, who took over the rule in 1612 after the guardianship had expired. This endowed the place with a variety of privileges, such as the beer and wine bar; he set up a Latin school in the town hall and a printing press in the castle that distributed anti-Habsburg writings. He fled to Dresden after a trial of lese majesty and participation in the class uprising . Henning von Waldstein and his underage son were murdered there in 1623. The Dobrawitz rule fell to Albrecht von Waldstein , who left it to his cousin Adam von Waldstein in the same year.

After his death in 1638 Maximilian von Waldstein inherited the rule, he was followed from 1654 by Franz Augustin von Waldstein, from 1684 Karl Ferdinand von Waldstein, from 1702 Karl Ernst von Waldstein and from 1713 Johann Joseph von Waldstein . His daughter Maria Anna married Joseph von Fürstenberg in 1735 . Until 1765 Dobrovice had first class blood jurisdiction. The Fürstenbergers were followed in 1809 by the Princes of Thurn and Taxis , who held the goods until 1929. In 1831, Karl Anselm von Thurn und Taxis had Dobrovice Castle converted into the largest sugar factory in Bohemia. The architect Karl Weinrich from Wetzlar provided the plans . Between 1832 and 1833 the castle chapel was demolished and the castle furnishings were destroyed. After the abolition of patrimonial Dobrawitz formed a municipality in the Jung Bunzlau district from 1850 . In 1869 there were 1801 people in Dobrovice. In 1870 the Mladá Boleslav - Nymburk railway was opened, and Dobrovice was given a stop far outside the city. In 1883 the Dětenice –Dobrovice beet railway was built for the Dobrovice sugar factory by the Bohemian Commercial Railways, which led directly to the sugar factory and from there was connected to the line from Mladá Boleslav to Nymburk .

In 1923 the princes of Thurn and Taxis sold the former castle to the Aussig sugar refinery.

Community structure

The town of Dobrovice consists of the districts Bojetice ( Bojetitz ), Chloumek, Dobrovice ( Dobrowitz ), Holé Vrchy ( Kahlenberg ), Libichov ( Libichow ), Sýčina ( Sejtschin ), Týnec ( Teinitz ) and Úherce ( Uhertz ).

Sights and special features

Sugar factory
  • Town hall with arbors and large tower, built between 1608 and 1610
  • City fountain in the market
  • the three-aisled hall church of St. Bartholomäus, built from 1569 to 1571 under Heinrich von Waldstein, received a tower in the west in 1755 and was rebuilt in the neo-Renaissance style from 1813 to 1814. In it is the burial place of the Dobrowitz line of the Waldsteiners
  • Church of St. Anna in Týnec, built 1730–1734 in place of the old church consecrated to Francis of Seraphim
  • Church of St. Wenceslas in Sýčina, traceable since 1356
  • Former Dobrovice Castle, the four-winged Waldstein Castle built between 1558 and 1578 was converted into the largest sugar factory in Bohemia in 1831 under the Thurn and Taxis ranks
  • In the district of Chloumek , whose name also bears a nearby elevation, there is an important geological outcrop in the ashlar sandstone, which was passed over as a type locality to the Chloumeker layers (formerly also Chlomeker layers) in the lithostratigraphic structure of the Bohemian Chalk. The name was given around 1897 by Antonín Frič , who amended the name Großskaler Sandstein originally coined by Jan Krejčí . It was later assigned to the Cretan Merboltice Formation and its name has since become a historical term in geosciences.

sons and daughters of the town

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
  2. ↑ Ant [one in] Frič. Studies in the areas of Bohemian Cretaceous formation . Prague 1897, p. 5