Unicorn Pharmacy (Heilbronn)

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The unicorn pharmacy (corner building on the left) on Heilbronn harbor market, photo from 1868
Unicorn pharmacy, detail

The Einhorn-Apotheke was a pharmacy in Heilbronn , the history of which goes back to 1604. The historic pharmacy building was the only rococo- style private house in Heilbronn , was destroyed by bombs in 1944 and replaced by a new building in 1954.

history

The pharmacist Anton Fröreisen founded a pharmacy at Heilbronn harbor market in 1604 (according to another source, the pharmacy was founded in 1653 by the pharmacist Andreas Mangold, whose widow married the pharmacist Johann Wolfgang Neubauer). In 1690, the pharmacy came into the possession of the Neubauer family of pharmacists, who had a unicorn in their coat of arms , which gave the pharmacy its current name in 1735. In the main department of the pharmacy there was a painting from 1698 depicting Neubauer's father at the age of 47. Another oil painting showing Neubauer's son was in the homeopathic department of the pharmacy. Both personalities were shown in their contemporary "characteristic, lush costumes".

In 1764 (according to another source, 1775) the building was the only private building to be rebuilt in the Rococo style. It was three stories with a hipped roof and dormers. The building was richly decorated with decorative elements and had a statue of Aesculapius on the corner of Sülmerstrasse and Lohtorstrasse. In his diary entries from August 27th and 28th, 1797 in From a trip to Switzerland, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe admired the architectural gem in the Rococo style and remarked: “A single building is characterized by the statue of Aesculapse and by the bas-reliefs of two unicorns announces themselves as a pharmacy. ”The unicorns were to be seen in the crest reliefs in the gable triangles. In the stairwell there was a carved wooden blessing figure of Christ from the 16th century. This figure stood under a "Gothic window of color" that had been discovered in the house.

After 1804, the pharmacy had other owners, and the name of the pharmacy also changed. In 1927 the pharmacist Hugo Dorn acquired the pharmacy and renamed it Einhorn-Apotheke . The rococo building was destroyed during the air raid on Heilbronn in 1944. The teacher Wilhelm Rieth was still able to discover the headless torso of the Aesculapian figure in the ruins after the war, but could no longer save it for the Heilbronn Museum and posterity, as it was transported away before his eyes by two men and so the fate of many other art treasures shared, which were stolen by "gold diggers" in the ruins of Heilbronn.

The pharmacist Hans Dorn had the building on the corner of Sülmerstrasse / Lohtorstrasse replaced by a building designed by Otmar Schär in 1954 . It has six axes and four floors and is clad with Franconian shell limestone. It has a colonnade on the ground floor and is adorned with a metal mesh on Lohtorstrasse that depicts a unicorn, designed by the Billensbach artist and chairman of the Stuttgart Secession, Peter Jakob Schober .

The unicorn pharmacy was closed on December 22, 2012. After renovation, your previous business premises were used for catering from May 2015 to June 2017. The building is now vacant.

  • The post-war building of the unicorn pharmacy in 2007

  • Detail of the post-war building

  • The former pharmacy building in 2015

literature

  • Hans Franke : cornerstone with unicorn . In: Gerhard Schwinghammer (ed.): Heilbronn and Hans Franke. Publicist, poet and critic 1893–1964 . Verlag Heilbronner Voice, Heilbronn 1989, ISBN 3-921923-06-9 ( Heilbronner Voice / book series . Volume 3)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Neubauer'sche Apotheke "Zum Einhorn" . In: Heilbronn a. N. (= Germany's urban development .) 2nd edition, DARI - Deutscher Architektur- und Industrie-Verlag , Berlin-Halensee 1928, p. 104.
  2. ↑ Uwe Jacobi: Heilbronn as it was . Droste, Düsseldorf 1987, ISBN 3-7700-0746-8 , p. 38
  3. ↑ Goethe's posthumous works . Volume 3, Stuttgart 1833, pp. 70f.
  4. ↑ Uwe Jacobi: Heilbronn - The most beautiful years? Post-war period in a German city . Heilbronner Stimm Druckerei und Verlagsanstalt GmbH, Heilbronn 1984, ISBN 3-921923-01-8 ( series on Heilbronn . Volume 9), p. 102
  5. ^ Bernhard Lattner with texts by Joachim J. Hennze: Stille Zeitzeugen. 500 years of Heilbronn architecture . Edition Lattner, Heilbronn 2005, ISBN 3-9807729-6-9 , p. 72
  6. ↑ Einhorn-Apotheke closes . Stimme.de, December 13, 2012
  7. ↑ http://www.stimme.de/heilbronn/free/sonstige-Suelmercity-wird-immer-mehr-zur-Gastromeile;art132111,3378342
  8. ↑ Dunkin 'Donuts finally closes - STIMME.de. Retrieved February 5, 2018 .

Web links

Commons : Unicorn Pharmacy  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 49 ° 8 ′ 35 "  N , 9 ° 13 ′ 13.6"  E