Population development of Jena

This article shows the population development of Jena in tabular and graphical form.

On December 31, 2015 the “ official population ” of Jena was 109,527 according to the Thuringian State Office for Statistics (only main residences and after comparison with the other State Offices ).

Population development

 

Population development of Jena. Above from 1490 to 2017. Below an excerpt from 1871

The population of Jena rose only slowly in the Middle Ages and the early modern period . Due to the numerous wars, epidemics and famines, it kept falling. In 1530 a thousand people died in a plague epidemic, and in 1578 the plague claimed 335 lives. In 1636 the epidemic entered the city again. This time 480 people died of the plague. 1771/1772 called for a putrid fever epidemic in Jena 800 fatalities.

It was not until industrialization in the 19th century that population growth accelerated. In 1820 only 4,800 people lived in the city, in 1900 there were already over 20,000. The city's population continued to grow thereafter, to 50,000 by 1925. In 1975 the population of the city of Jena exceeded the limit of 100,000, making it a major city . In 1988 the population reached its pre-turnaround high of 108,010.

Since the fall of the Wall in the GDR, the population of Jena - in contrast to many other cities in East Germany - has remained relatively stable and fluctuates around the limit of 100,000. However, on the one hand, this could only be achieved through extensive incorporations in 1994, which added approx. 3,800 inhabitants. On the other hand, the annual campaign helps to motivate students to register their main residence during their studies in Jena. This development is favored by the sharp increase in the number of students at the university and the technical college founded in the 1990s. At the end of 2014, the city with 108,207 inhabitants was 74th among the major German cities, and in second place within Thuringia.

The following is an overview with the number of inhabitants according to the respective territorial status. Up to 1830 these are mostly estimates, then census results (¹) or official updates from the State Central Administration for Statistics (until 1989) and the State Statistical Office (from 1990). From 1871, the information relates to the “local population”, from 1925 to the resident population and since 1966 to the “population at the place of the main residence”. Before 1871, the number of inhabitants was determined according to inconsistent survey procedures.

From 1490 to 1944

Year / date Residents 1490 3,800 1542 4,277 1784 4,366 1820 4,758 1825 6,041 1830 5,491 December 1, 1840 ¹ 5,949 December 3, 1852 ¹ 6,505 December 3, 1861 ¹ 7,000 December 3, 1864¹ 7,200 December 3, 1867 ¹ 7,500 December 1, 1871 ¹ 8,260 December 1, 1875 ¹ 9,020 December 1, 1880¹ 10,337 December 1, 1885 ¹ 12,017

date Residents December 1, 1890¹ 13,449 December 2, 1895 ¹ 15,390 December 1, 1900 ¹ 20,677 December 1, 1905 ¹ 26,400 December 1, 1910¹ 38,487 December 1, 1916 ¹ 46,529 December 5, 1917 ¹ 46,477 October 8, 1919 ¹ 48,847 June 16, 1925 ¹ 52,649 December 31, 1930 58,959 June 16, 1933 ¹ 58,357 December 31, 1935 61.001 May 17, 1939 ¹ 70,632 December 31, 1940 73,100

¹ census result

Source: City of Jena

From 1945 to 1989

date Residents December 1, 1945 ¹ 76,266 October 29, 1946 ¹ 82,722 August 31, 1950 ¹ 80,309 December 31, 1955 83,073 December 31, 1956 81,755 December 31, 1957 80.930 December 31, 1958 80,652 December 31, 1959 80,835 December 31, 1960 81,190 December 31, 1961 81,427 December 31, 1962 82.113 December 31, 1963 83,451 December 31, 1964 ¹ 84,307

date Residents December 31, 1965 85.032 December 31, 1966 83,457 December 31, 1967 83,853 December 31, 1968 84,748 December 31, 1969 87.058 December 31, 1970 ¹ 88,130 December 31, 1971 90,839 December 31, 1972 94.060 December 31, 1973 97,463 December 31, 1974 99,431 December 31, 1975 100.180 December 31, 1976 100,810 December 31, 1977 100,979

date Residents December 31, 1978 102.025 December 31, 1979 102,893 December 31, 1980 103.718 December 31, 1981 ¹ 104,946 December 31, 1982 105,325 December 31, 1983 106,555 December 31, 1984 107.062 December 31, 1985 107.401 December 31, 1986 107,610 December 31, 1987 107,774 December 31, 1988 108.010 December 31, 1989 105,825

¹ census result

Source: State Central Administration for Statistics

Since 1990

date Residents December 31, 1990 102,518 December 31, 1991 100,967 December 31, 1992 100,390 December 31, 1993 100.093 December 31, 1994 102.204 December 31, 1995 101,061 December 31, 1996 100.278 December 31, 1997 99.273 December 31, 1998 99,095 December 31, 1999 99,779 December 31, 2000 99,893

date Residents December 31, 2001 101.157 December 31, 2002 100,542 December 31, 2003 102,634 December 31, 2004 102,442 December 31, 2005 102,532 December 31, 2006 102,494 December 31, 2007 102,752 December 31, 2008 103.392 December 31, 2009 104,449 December 31, 2010 105.129 December 31, 2011 105,463

date Residents December 31, 2012 106,915 December 31 2013 107,679 December 31, 2014 108.207 December 31, 2015 109,527 December 31, 2016 110,321 December 31, 2017 111.099 December 31, 2018 111,407 December 31, 2019 111,343

Source: Thuringian State Office for Statistics

Population forecast

Forecast by the State Statistical Office

According to the results of the 11th coordinated population projection, the city's population should increase by 2.0 percent between 2006, the base year of the forecast, and 2020 (2,017 people).

Absolute population development 2006-2020 - forecast for Jena (main residences):

Absolute population development 2009-2030 - forecast for Jena (main residences):

Forecast from 2014 for the period 2014 to 2035

Graphical representation of the forecasts in the adjacent table. Blue the actual population development from 1990 to 2017 - green, red and magenta the forecasts

year	Forecast 2006–2020	Forecast 2009–2030	Forecast 2014–2035
2006	102,494
2009		104,449
2010	102,515	103.373
2014			108.207
2015	103,347	105,528	108,752
2020	104,511	107,855	110,968
2025		109,617	112.033
2030		111,387	112,388
2035			111,980

Source: Thuringian State Office for Statistics

Bertelsmann Foundation forecast

In their 2009 publication “Who, where, how many? - Population in Germany 2025 ”, in which the Bertelsmann Foundation provides data on the development of the population for all municipalities with more than 5,000 inhabitants in Germany, a 3.9 percent decline in Jena (4,020 people) is predicted between 2006 and 2025.

Absolute population development - forecasts for Jena 2012-2030 (main residences):

Graphical representation of the forecasts in the adjacent table. Blue shows the actual population development from 1990 to 2017 - green and red the forecasts

date Forecast 2006–2025 Forecast 2009–2030 2006 102,494 2009 104,400 2010 102,744 2015 101,488 104,560 2020 100.092 104,290 2025 98,474 103,340 2030 101,430

Source: Bertelsmann Foundation

Population structure

population	As of December 31, 2015
Residents with main residence	109,527
of which male	54,467
Female	55,060
German	101,661
of which male	50,349
Female	51,312
Foreigners	7,866
of which male	4.118
Female	3,748
Proportion of foreigners in percent	7.2

Source: Thuringian State Office for Statistics

Births and migrations

year	Born died	balance	Moving in / out	balance
2000	730/891	−161	6365/6089	+276
2001	831/835	−4	8585/7315	+1270
2002	848/887	−39	7177/7561	−384
2003	848/869	−21	9027/6888	+2139
2004	930/915	+15	5755/5971	−216
2005	875/881	−6	5765/5670	+95
2006	947/882	+65	5529/5627	−98
2007	963/891	+72	5940/5757	+183
2008	1071/912	+159	6606/6127	+479
2009	1086/917	+169	6830/5947	+883
2010	1086/927	+159	6627/6086	+541
2011	1111/951	+160	6886/6710	+176
2012	1000/938	+62	7140/6720	+420
2013	1089/977	+112	7195/6558	+637
2014	1198/965	+233	7395/7123	+272
2015	1112/1041	+71	8358/7134	+1224

Source: Thuringian State Office for Statistics

age structure

The following overview shows the development of the total population and the individual age groups from 1998 to 2007. All data are from December 31st of each year (main residences).

year	Total population	Age: 0-14	Age: 15 to 64	Age: from 65
1998	99,095	13,398	71,951	13,746
1999	99,779	12,843	72,695	14,241
2000	99,893	12,132	72,965	14,796
2001	101.157	11,642	74.051	15,464
2002	100,542	11,075	73,435	16,032
2003	102,634	10,639	75,258	16,737
2004	102,442	10,480	74,332	17,630
2005	102,532	10,221	73,745	18,566
2006	102,494	10,408	72,593	19,493
2007	102,752	10,756	71,899	20.097
2008	103.392	11,175	71,432	20,785
2009	104,449	11,704	71,358	21,387
2010	105.129	12,103	71,402	21,624
2011	106,428	12,627	72,318	21,483
2012	106,915	12,835	72,337	21,743
2013	107,679	13,192	72,572	21,915
2014	108.207	13,558	72,464	22,185
2015	109,527	14,167	72,794	22,566

Source: Thuringian State Office for Statistics

See also

• Demography of Thuringia
• List of incorporations in the city of Jena
• List of districts of Jenas

literature

• Imperial Statistical Office (Ed.): Statistical Yearbook for the German Empire , 1880–1918
• Statistisches Reichsamt (Ed.): Statistical yearbook for the German Reich , 1919–1941 / 42
• German Association of Cities (Ed.): Statistical Yearbook of German Communities , 1890 ff.
• State Central Administration for Statistics (Ed.): Statistical Yearbook of the German Democratic Republic , 1955–1989
• Bertelsmann Foundation (ed.): Who, where, how many? - Population in Germany 2025. Practical knowledge for municipalities. Bertelsmann Stiftung publishing house, Gütersloh 2009, ISBN 978-3-86793-042-0

Individual evidence

1. ^ Thuringian State Office for Statistics: data and facts
2. ^ Thuringian State Office for Statistics: Development of the population of Thuringia from 2007 to 2020 by districts
3. ↑ Thuringian State Office for Statistics:  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )
4. ↑ http://www.statistik.thueringen.de
5. ^ Bertelsmann Foundation: Population forecast

Web links

Commons : Temporal population graphs of Jena  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Thuringian State Office for Statistics: data and facts
• City of Jena: numbers
• Bertelsmann Foundation: Guide to the community