Qualified electrician
Electrician is the German-speaking name of a person who is allowed to carry out and monitor electrical engineering work on a commercial basis .
According to European standard EN 50110-1: 2008-09-01 section 3.2.3 electrician - is it as "a person with appropriate technical training, knowledge and experience so that they can recognize and prevent dangers that may arise from the electricity" defined . In IEC 60050 it is recorded under [IEV 195-4-1].
In the German DGUV regulation 3, definition no. 6, the qualified electrician is defined in a similar manner.
Earlier regulation
The standard DIN VDE 1000-10 (VDE 1000-10): 2009-01 (requirements for people working in the field of electrical engineering ) and the BG regulation DGUV regulation 3 (German statutory accident insurance regulation for safety and health at work in the Reprint version from January 2005; Accident prevention regulation for electrical systems and equipment of April 1, 1979 in the version of January 1, 1997), was strongly aligned with the German electrotechnical vocational training and was rejected by the EU. Nevertheless, most of the qualified electricians in Germany still have a classic electrical training.
Standard qualification in Germany
Section 5.2 of the above-mentioned DIN VDE 1000-10 (VDE 1000-10) contains the following formulation of qualifications: The requirement for technical training for certain activities in the field of electrical engineering is usually through completion of one of the training courses listed below in the respective field of work of electrical engineering:
- a) Training in a recognized apprenticeship as a journeyman / skilled worker ,
- b) Training as a master craftsman ,
- c) Training to become an industrial foreman ,
- d) Training as a state-certified technician ,
- e) Degree in engineering, Bachelor or Master .
- f) Doctorate in engineering .
The implementation instructions for DGUV regulation 3 of April 1, 1979 in the version of January 1, 1997 also specify the qualifications of the qualified electrician:
The professional qualification as a qualified electrician is usually achieved by successfully completing an apprenticeship, e. B. as an electrical engineer, electrical engineer, master electrician, electrical journeyman. It can also be proven by working for several years with training in theory and practice after being checked by a qualified electrician. The evidence must be documented.
A qualified electrician in the sense of the accident prevention regulation (DGUV regulation 3) is someone who can assess the work assigned to him and recognize possible dangers based on his technical training, knowledge and experience as well as knowledge of the relevant regulations.
In addition, DIN VDE 1000-10 (VDE 1000-10) defines the "responsible electrician - VEFK", who assumes specialist and managerial responsibility and is commissioned (appointed) by the company. The assignment must be made in writing, as this involves a transfer of duties within the meaning of Section 13 (2) of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (ArbSchG) and Section 9 (2) of the Administrative Offenses Act (OwiG). When commissioning, the area of responsibility (overall electrotechnical operation or sub-area of electrical engineering) and the powers must be regulated. In order to work as a VEFK, a qualification as a technician, master craftsman or engineer in the field of electrical engineering is required. For other training courses, the necessary qualifications must be proven separately (see VDE 1000-10, Section 5.3).
The information and telecommunications system electronics technician (ITSE) is the only profession in the IT sector that is also a qualified electrician.
In addition, there is the qualified electrician for defined activities (EFKffT) and the electrotechnically instructed person (EUP). A person who is neither a qualified electrician nor an EUP is a layperson in electrical engineering . A student specializing in electrical engineering can also be regarded as such.
Appendix A of VDE 1000-10 explicitly states that there is no such thing as a “qualified electrician who is comprehensively trained and qualified for all electrical engineering work areas”. Every qualified electrician is only valid for the area in which he was trained as such and for other areas as an electrical layperson.
Change due to EU harmonization
The old “corporate order”, according to which the rule “once a qualified electrician, always a qualified electrician” applied, can no longer be maintained today. Because in practice the qualified electrician is subject to the same rules as other " qualified persons " (formerly "experts"). According to this, a person must not only have technical training (basic training), but also have current knowledge and experience (i.e. have actively performed the activity, e.g. changing 230 V sockets in building services, in recent years which is only partially the case with a planning engineer, for example). In addition, it is necessary to prove that the person has active knowledge of the current relevant provisions, i.e. proven further training must have taken place. (See requirements for qualified persons .)
This is particularly true for special activities such as in the high-voltage test field , as there are separate regulations for testing systems that are not known to most electricians .
On the other hand, “another technical qualification with many years of experience in the field of electrical engineering” (see qualified persons in the area of explosion hazards ) is now considered to be sufficient basic training. It is important that the person “can assess the work assigned to them and recognize possible dangers”.
With the new EU-wide regulation, the focus will be shifted away from basic training towards current knowledge and its meaningful evidence.
activities
In the different EU countries there are different bodies where people have to register who want to carry out electrical engineering work in the respective countries. In some cases, this only applies to public networks, while the house installation can be implemented freely. The respective rules for the individual countries must be inquired about on a case-by-case basis, usually the necessary papers have to be filled out in the respective national language. In many cases, electrical companies can get help from the Chamber of Crafts or the Chamber of Commerce and Industry .
Germany
In Germany only qualified electricians are authorized to set up or modify electrical systems. For systems that are connected to the public electricity supply network - and these are almost all that are operated with 230/400 V - the qualified electrician must also be entered in the installation directory of the distribution network operator (VNB). This is regulated by law in the Ordinance on General Conditions for Network Connection and its Use for Low Voltage Electricity Supply (short: Low Voltage Connection Ordinance , NAV) of November 8, 2006. There it says in § 13 "Electrical System": Inadmissible repercussions of the system are to exclude. In order to guarantee this, the system may only be installed, expanded, modified and maintained in accordance with the provisions of this ordinance, other applicable legal provisions and official provisions as well as the generally recognized rules of technology. […] Except for the network operator, the work may only be carried out by an installation company entered in a network operator's list of installers. In addition to this, Section 49 of the Energy Industry Act of the Federal Republic of Germany should also be mentioned here in paragraph 2 the following is stipulated:
"Compliance with the generally recognized rules of technology is assumed if plants for the generation, transmission and delivery of
1. Electricity the technical rules of the Verband der Elektrotechnik Elektronik Informationstechnik e. V., have been complied with. [...] "
As a result, the VDE regulations DIN EN 50110-1 (VDE 0105-1) in conjunction with DIN VDE 0105-100 (DIN VDE 0105-100) become more or less legal and form the basis for an additional assessment.
See also
On the situation in Switzerland:
Individual evidence
- ↑ Employer's Liability Insurance Association for Energy, Textile, and Electrical Media Products (ed.): Accident prevention regulation for electrical systems and equipment. Cologne, 2005 (PDF; 239 kB).
literature
- Employer's Liability Insurance Association for Energy, Textile, and Electrical Media Products (ed.): Accident prevention regulations for electrical systems and equipment . Cologne, 2005 ( PDF; 239 kB ).
- German Social Accident Insurance eV (DGUV) (Ed.): DGUV Rule 103-011: Live work on electrical systems and equipment . Berlin, 2006. ( pdf, 286 kB )
- Mike Rößler: Die Arbeitsschutzorganisation in der Filmproduktion , BfbA-Verlag, Potsdam 2013, 2nd updated and revised edition, ISBN 978-3-9815430-1-8 , p. 55.
