Elena Aprile

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Elena Aprile (born March 12, 1954 in Milan ) is an Italian experimental particle physicist. She is a professor at Columbia University .

Aprile studied physics at the University of Naples with a Laureate degree in 1978 with Marco Napolitano. During her PhD she took part in experiments at CERN. In 1982 she received her doctorate from the University of Geneva under Roger Hess . From 1983 to 1985 she was a post-doctoral student at Harvard University with Carlo Rubbia . In 1986 she became Assistant Professor, 1991 Associate Professor and 2003 Professor at Columbia University, where she has also been co-director of the Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory since 2003.

She is a specialist in noble gas detectors and has been leading the XENON 100 experiment for the detection of dark matter in the Gran Sasso underground laboratory since 2002 . They should discover the interaction of hypothetical WIMPs with ordinary nuclei or determine upper limits for the cross-section. The detector consists of a trace drift chamber (TPC) filled with the liquid, deep-frozen noble gas xenon . It is carefully shielded against interference. Compared to its predecessor, the Xenon10 experiment (in which she was also involved), the mass is increased to 100 kg xenon and the background noise is reduced by a factor of 100. The next step is a detector with a ton of xenon (XENON1T).

She is also involved as a senior scientist in a balloon experiment on gamma-ray astronomy (LXeGRIT, Liquid Xenon Gamma Ray Imaging Telescope).

She is a Fellow of the American Physical Society (2000), and in 2020 she was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences .

Fonts

  • with AE Bolotnikov, AI Bolozdynya, T. Doke: Noble Gas Detectors. Wiley 2006.
  • with E. Dahl, L. DeViveiros, R. Gaitskell, KL Giboni, J. Kwong, P. Majewski, K. Ni, T. Shutt, M. Yamashita: Simultaneous Measurement of Ionization and Scintillation from Nuclear Recoils in Liquid Xenon as Target for a Dark Matter Experiment. In: Phys. Rev. Letters. Volume 97, 2006, p. 081302
  • Aprile et al. a .: First Results from the XENON10 Dark Matter Experiment at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory. In: Physical Review Letters. Volume 100, 2008, p. 021303
  • Aprile et al. a .: First Dark Matter Results from the XENON100 Experiment. In: Phys. Rev. Lett. Volume 105, 2010, p. 131302, Arxiv
  • Aprile et al. a .: The XENON100 Dark Matter Experiment. In: Astroparticle Physics. 35, 2012, pp. 573-590. (Arxiv)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ CV, pdf
  2. ↑ K. Deiters, A. Donat, K. Lanius, R. Leiste, U. Röser: Test of a liquid argon multistrip ionization chamber with 8.5 μ RMS resolution . In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods . tape 180 , no. 1 , p. 45-52 , doi : 10.1016 / 0029-554x (81) 90008-2 ( elsevier.com [accessed October 18, 2017]).
  3. ↑ Liquid Xenon Time Projection Chambers, abbreviated LXeTPC
  4. ↑ Aprile The XENON1T Dark Matter Search Experiment , DM 2012
  5. ↑ LXeGRIT
personal data
SURNAME Aprile, Elena
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian physicist
DATE OF BIRTH March 12, 1954
PLACE OF BIRTH Milan