Enkheljāwōn

Enkheljāwōn (in Linear B e-ke-ra ₂ -wo ) was a high-ranking person, possibly the king ( wanaks ), in the Mycenaean empire of Pylos at the time when the palace of Pylos was shortly after 1200 BC. Was destroyed.

Lore

The name Enkheljāwōn comes across on linear B clay tablets from the archive of the palace of Pylos in Messenia . They were written in the last months before the palace in full bloom was destroyed, so they date from the beginning of the 12th century BC. Chr.

Enkheljāwōn owned two large planted estates, each with over a thousand vines and fig trees (PY Er 880). The extent of these two estates seems to have been larger than the royal estate (wanakteros temenos ) . He also had 40 rowers (PY An 610), while the lāwāgetās , the second highest rank in the Pylic hierarchy, had 20 rowers. In a list of sacrifices for the god Poseidon (myk. Poseidāhōn ) he is one of the four donors, where he had to contribute 384 liters of grain, 86.4 liters of wine, a bull, 10 cheeses, a sheep fleece and 4.8 liters of honey, which in comprises about half of the total listed offerings (PY Er 880).

interpretation

The context and the fact that he is by far the richest person named in the Pylic tablets suggests that he was the king (wanaks) . This opinion u. a. John Chadwick , Thomas G. Palaima, and Stefan Hiller , while Pierre Carlier and others refuse to be identified.

Surname

The Mycenaean spelling e-ke-ra ₂ -wo (genitive: -wo-no; dative: -wo-ne ) was interpreted in older research as Ekhelāwōn and with the ancient Greek name Echelaos ("protector of the (war) people" ) compared. Since the character ra ₂ but Palatalisierung suggests, is more likely today Enkheljāwōn read, although also other readings are possible. The name could not be interpreted linguistically satisfactorily until now.

literature

John Chadwick : The Mycenaean World. Reclam, Stuttgart 1979, ISBN 3-15-010282-0 .
Thomas G. Palaima : The Nature of the Mycenaean wanax: Non-Indo-European Origins and Priestly Functions. In: Paul Rehak (Ed.): The Role of the Ruler in the Prehistoric Aegean. (= Aegaeum. Vol. 11). Lüttich 1995, ISBN 90-429-2411-X , pp. 119-139 (PDF; 2.8 MB).
Pierre Carlier : wa-na-ka derechef. Nouvelles reflections on the royautés mycéniennes. In: Bulletin de correspondance héllénique. 122 (1998), ISSN 0007-4217 , pp. 411-415, digitized.

Individual evidence

^ Antonín Bartoněk: Handbook of Mycenaean Greek. Heidelberg 2003, ISBN 3-8253-1435-9 , p. 249.
↑ John Chadwick: The Mycenaean World. P. 96 f., P. 160.
↑ Thomas G. Palaima: The Nature of the Mycenaean wanax. Pp. 119-139.
↑ Pierre Carlier: wa-na-ka derechef. Nouvelles reflections on the royautés mycéniennes. Pp. 411-415.

personal data
SURNAME	Enkheljāwōn
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Enkheljāwōn; E-ke-ra ₂ -wo
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Mycenaean king
DATE OF BIRTH	13th century BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH	12th century BC Chr.

[1] Antonín Bartoněk: Handbook of Mycenaean Greek. Heidelberg 2003, ISBN 3-8253-1435-9 , p. 249.

[2] John Chadwick: The Mycenaean World. P. 96 f., P. 160.

[3] Thomas G. Palaima: The Nature of the Mycenaean wanax. Pp. 119-139.

[4] Pierre Carlier: wa-na-ka derechef. Nouvelles reflections on the royautés mycéniennes. Pp. 411-415.