Enoshima shrine
The Enoshima Shrine ( Japanese 江 島 神社 Enoshima-jinja ) is a Shinto shrine on the Enoshima Peninsula in the city of Fujisawa .
The shrine is next to the Itsukushima shrine and the Tsukubusuma shrine one of three major Benzaiten shrines, wherein these days, however, the three-goddesses Munakata ( Munakata sanjojin ) are enshrined.
history
According to Enoshima Engi ( 江 島 縁 起 ) written in 1047 , the goddess Benzaiten let the island rise from the sea in 552, whereupon the Tennō Kimmei built a place of worship in the Iwaya Caves in her honor. Benzaiten is therefore also called Enoshima (Dai-) Myōjin ( 江 島 大 明 神 '(very) sublime goddess Enoshima' ). She is one of the seven gods of luck - deities who are worshiped in Shinto , but were adopted from other faiths, such as Buddhism here .
From 700 onwards, the caves were used as a place of asceticism by Buddhist monks, including Taichō , Kūkai , the founder of Shingon-shū , and Nichiren , to which the schools of Nichiren Buddhism refer. Kūkai built the Iwaya Hongū ( 岩 屋 本 宮 'Iwaya main shrine' ) in 814 . Since the cave was often flooded, Ennin, 3rd chief of Enryaku-ji , had the Kami-no-miya ( 上 之 宮 'upper shrine' ) built above ground in the year 853 .
The founder of the Kamakura shogunate Minamoto no Yoritomo successfully prayed for the luck of the battle in Iwaya and then donated a statue of the eight-armed Benzaiten and a torii . His son Minamoto no Sanetomo ordered the construction of the Shimo-no-miya ( 下 之 宮 'sub -shrine ' ) below in 1206 . During the Mongol invasion of Japan (1274/1281), the Tennō Go-Uda also successfully prayed to ward off the invasion, which led to the "goddess of music, art and wisdom" Benzaiten being worshiped as the goddess of war. The hongū was believed to have been relocated to the surface from the Iwaya Cave in the 1600s. During the Edo period , the shrine complex was given the Buddhist name Kinki-zan Yogan-ji ( 金 亀 山 与 願 寺 ).
After the restoration of imperial rule in the Meiji Restoration and the introduction of State Shinto , the Enoshima Shrine, which like many other shrines a Shinto Buddhist syncretism ( Shinbutsu-Shūgō ), was forced to get rid of its Buddhist elements ( Shinbutsu-Bunri ). Like other Benzaiten shrines, the worship of the originally Buddhist and water-related Benzaiten was replaced by the three Munakata goddesses, who are Shinto sea goddesses. The cry complex was named Enoshima shrine which HONGU was in Okutsumiya ( 奥津宮 ; 35 ° 17 '57.5 " N , 139 ° 28' 32" O renamed), Kami-no-Miya in Nakatsumiya ( 中津宮 ; 35 ° 17 '58 " N , 139 ° 28' 49" O ) and the Shimo-no-Miya in Hetsumiya ( 辺津宮 ; 35 ° 18 '1 " N , 139 ° 28' 47" O ). Their naming corresponds to the three sub-shrines of the Munakata Taisha (Munakata Grand Shrine) which is the center of Munakata worship.
Accordingly, the goddess of the sea mist Tagirihime no kami is inscribed in the Okitsumiya, the goddess of worship / Miko Ichikishimahime no kami in the Nakatsumiya and the goddess of rough waters Tagitsuhime no kami in the Hetsumiya . Benzaiten is therefore no longer encircled here, but there are various objects of worship of the Benzaiten in the Hōan-den hall ( 奉安 殿 ) including the statue of the eight-armed Benzaiten ( 八 臂 弁 財 天 Happi Benzaiten ) donated by Yoritomo , which is classified as an important cultural asset of the prefecture . Another significant statue is that of the "Benzaiten of the miraculous tones" ( 妙音 弁 財 天 Myōon Benzaiten ) from the middle of the Kamakura period , which shows them playing naked Biwa sounds.
The current buildings differ architecturally from their original forms as well as from one another. The Shimo-no-miya (Hetsumiya) was rebuilt in 1675 and the main hall ( honden ), sacrificial hall ( heiden ), prayer hall ( haiden ) of the Kami-no-miya (Nakatsumiya) in 1689 in the Gongen style . The Hongū (Okutsumiya) burned down in 1841, but was rebuilt a year later in the Irimoya style.
Web links
- Enoshima Shrine (Japanese)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f ご 由 緒 ｜ 江 島 神社 に つ い て . Enoshima Shrine, accessed April 27, 2019 (Japanese).
- ↑ ご 宝物 ｜ 江 島 神社 に つ い て . Enoshima Shrine, accessed April 27, 2019 (Japanese).
- ↑ 辺 津 宮 ｜ 江 島 神社 に つ い て . Enoshima Shrine, accessed April 27, 2019 (Japanese).
- ↑ 中 津 宮 ｜ 江 島 神社 に つ い て . Enoshima Shrine, accessed April 27, 2019 (Japanese).
- ↑ 奥 津 宮 ｜ 江 島 神社 に つ い て . Enoshima Shrine, accessed April 27, 2019 (Japanese).
Map with all coordinates: